Pengaruh Kondisi dan Temperatur pada Sifat Mekanis Tiga Jenis Bambu
Date
2022Author
Robiansyah, Feri Dwi
Nugroho, Naresworo
Bahtiar, Effendi Tri
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Sifat fisis dan mekanis bambu perlu diketahui jika bambu dimanfaatkan
sebagai material konstruksi. Bambu untuk konstruksi eksterior cenderung
berhubungan dengan kondisi lingkungan yang sering berubah dan perbedaan suhu
harian siang dan malam yang cukup tinggi, sehingga faktor temperatur diperlukan
untuk mempertimbangkan keamanan dan mengurangi resiko bahaya rubuh.
Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan sifat fisis dan mekanis bambu yang
menerima beberapa macam temperatur pada kondisi kering dan basah. Penelitian
juga menghitung faktor temperatur (Ct) bambu secara empiris dalam kondisi kering
dan basah serta membandingkan nilainya dengan SNI 7973:2013. Faktor
temperatur (Ct) digunakan sebagai faktor koreksi tegangan ijin (allowable stress)
pada analisis struktur konstruksi yang menerima suhu di atas suhu kamar. Nilai
faktor temperatur (Ct) diperoleh sebagai rasio nilai sifat mekanis bambu kondisi
basah dan kering yang menerima suhu tertentu (0 °C, 38 °C, 45 °C, dan 60 °C)
dibandingkan sifat mekanis pada kondisi standarnya (kering bersuhu 38 C).
Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga jenis bambu yaitu andong (Gigantochloa
psedoarundinaceae), hitam (Gigantochloa atroviolaceae), dan tali (Gigantochloa
apus). Pengujian sifat mekanis yang dilakukan meliputi tekan sejajar serat, tarik
sejajar serat, geser sejajar serat, lentur tegak lurus serat, dan tarik tegak lurus serat.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata pengujian sifat mekanis bambu kondisi
kering lebih tinggi dibandingkan kondisi basah. Nilai faktor temperatur (Ct) secara
empiris kondisi kering lebih besar dibandingkan SNI 7973:2013. Sementara nilai
Ct kondisi basah masih terdapat nilai yang lebih kecil daripada SNI 7973:2013.
Nilai Ct empiris yang lebih besar daripada SNI 7973:2013 memiliki kemungkinan
bahaya rubuh yang kecil, sehingga masih aman digunakan sebagai faktor koreksi
nilai desain acuan bambu. The physical and mechanical properties of bamboo should be measured if
bamboo is used as construction materials. Bamboo for exterior construction tends
to be associated with changing environmental conditions and daily temperature
differences, so the temperature factor is needed to consider safety and reduce the
risk of failure hazards. This study aims to compare the physical and mechanical
properties of bamboo that accepts various temperatures in dry and wet conditions.
The study also calculated the temperature factor (Ct) of bamboo empirically in dry
and wet conditions and compared its value with SNI 7973:2013. The temperature
factor (Ct) is used as an allowable stress adjustment factor in the construction
structural analysis that receive temperatures hotter than the room temperature. The
temperature factor value (Ct) was obtained as the ratio of the mechanical properties
of bamboo in wet and dry conditions that received certain temperatures (0 °C, 38 °C,
45 °C, and 60 °C) compared to the mechanical properties under standard conditions
(dry at 38 C). This study used three bamboo species, namely andong
(Gigantochloa psedoarundinaceae), hitam (Gigantochloa atroviolaceae), and tali
(Gigantochloa apus). The mechanical properties tests carried out include
compression parallel to the fiber, tensile parallel to the fiber, shearing parallel to the
fiber, bending perpendicular to the fiber, and tensile perpendicular to the fiber. The
results showed that the average value of the mechanical properties of bamboo in
dry conditions was higher than in wet conditions. The value of the temperature
factor (Ct) empirically in dry conditions is greater than SNI 7973:2013. Meanwhile,
the value of Ct in wet conditions is still smaller than SNI 7973:2013. The empirical
Ct value which is greater than SNI 7973:2013 has a small possibility of failure
hazard, so it is still safe to use as a correction factor for the reference design value
of bamboo.
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- UT - Forestry Products [2376]