Perubahan Spesifikasi Unit Penangkapan dan Daerah Penangkapan Hiu Nelayan Tanjung Luar, Lombok Timur
Date
2022Author
Mukhairiq, Muhammad Thufail
Sondita, Muhammad Fedi Alfiadi
Wahju, Ronny Irawan
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Nelayan Tanjung Luar menggunakan rawai hanyut dan rawai dasar untuk
menangkap hiu. Hiu lanjaman (C. falciformis), salah satu jenis yang tercantum
pada Appendiks II CITES, adalah jenis ikan yang dominan tertangkap.
Pemerintah Indonesia memerlukan sejumlah informasi dalam pengelolaan
perikanan ini dengan melakukan pemantauan. Informasi yang diperlukan seperti,
komposisi hiu yang tertangkap, perkembangan unit penangkapan, daerah
penangkapan serta persepsi nelayan. Informasi tersebut berguna untuk menyusun
strategi pengelolaan perikanan hiu. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi
perubahan spesifikasi unit penangkapan, daerah penangkapan, komposisi hasil
tangkapan selama 2014-2020, persepsi serta optimisme nelayan hiu. Pengumpulan
data melalui pengamatan lapang dan mewawancarai 30 nelayan serta analisis
statistik perikanan Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan NTB yang bersumber dari hasil
pemantauan Wildlife Conservation Society. Analisis deskriptif dan buffer analysis
dilakukan terhadap data yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah
kapal penangkap hiu berkurang karena rusak, jumlah maksimum pancing yang
dibawa berkurang sesuai dengan kebijakan lokal. Daerah operasi penangkapan
hiu cenderung mengarah ke timur, fokus pada perairan sebelah barat Pulau
Sumba. Ukuran hiu lanjaman yang tertangkap semakin besar, petunjuk bahwa
stok hiu lanjaman dalam status terjaga, porsi hiu lanjaman yang tertangkap rawai
hanyut semakin banyak sedangkan yang tertangkap rawai dasar semakin sedikit.
Nelayan masih optimis dengan penangkapan hiu sebagai mata pencaharian utama
mereka. Fishers from Tanjung Luar operate drift longlines and bottom longlines to
catch sharks. Silky sharks (C. falciformis), a species under CITES Appendix II, is
a dominant species of their catch. Government of Indonesia needs some
information for managing the fisheries by conducting monitoring program. The
information needed includes, among others, the species composition of captured
sharks, changes in fishing units and fishing ground, and the fishermen's perception.
This information can be used for determining fisheries management strategies.
This study aims to identify some changes in the specifications of fishing units,
fishing grounds, catch composition, perceptions and optimism of the fishers
during 2014-2020. Data collection was conducted through field observations,
interviews with 30 fishers and some analysis on fisheries statistics from the
Agency of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of NTB generated from monitoring
program conducted by the Wildlife Conservation Society. Descriptive and buffer
analysis were performed to provide the needed information. The results showed a
reduction in the number of shark fishing vessels due to physical damage and
reduction in the number of fishing hooks per fishing vessel due to local fisheries
regulation. Fising operation for shark has been shifting eastward with a focus of
around the western waters of Sumba Island. The capture size of the silky
shark is getting larger, an indication of a stable status of the fish stock, the portion
of the silky shark in the catch from the drift longlines has been increasing while
that from the bottom longines is getting fewer. Fishers are still optimistic about
their fisheries as their livelihood.