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      Respon Pemupukan dan Varietas terhadap Produksi Kacang Tunggak (Vigna unguiculata subsp unguiculata (L.) Walp)

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Rabani, Irfan
      Santosa, Edi
      Purnamawati, Heni
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      Abstract
      Kebutuhan konsumsi kedelai dalam negeri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan produksinya menjadikan Indonesia cenderung mengimpor kedelai sebanyak 2,67 juta ton kedelai (BPS 2019). Dalam rangka meminimalisir ketergantungan impor ini diperlukan substitusi kacang-kacangan lokal. Salah satunya ialah kacang tunggak yang toleran terhadap lahan masam dengan potensi hasil biji 1000–1200 kg ha-1. Untuk mencapai potensi produksinya perlu didapatkan teknik produksi yang terbaik untuk varietas unggul ini. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan dosis pupuk NPK terbaik pada pertumbuhan dan produksi 2 varietas kacang tunggak. Penelitian dilakukan di KP Cikarawang Bogor pada bulan Februari–Mei 2021. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan varietas dan pemupukan NPK sebagai perlakuan dan terdapat tiga ulangan. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukan bahwa penelitian ini belum mendapatkan dosis terbaik pemupukan NPK pada varietas kacang tunggak Albina dan Uno. Namun demikian ada kecenderungan pemupukan NPK berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan produktivitas dan bobot biji ubinan kacang tunggak pada 8 MST pada taraf 5%. Terdapat keragaman nyata antar varietas pada parameter bobot daun kering pada 6 MST, jumlah polong, bobot polong basah per tanaman, bobot polong kering per tanaman, bobot polong ubinan, bobot biji ubinan dan produktivitas pada umur tanaman 8 MST. Keragaman nyata antar varietas juga terdapat pada panjang polong, jumlah polong, bobot polong basah per tanaman, bobot polong kering per tanaman, bobot polong ubinan, bobot biji kering dan produktivitas pada umur tanaman 9 MST.
       
      The need of domestic soybean consumption which is higher than its production makes Indonesia import 2,67 million tons of soybeans (BPS 2019). In order to minimize this dependence on imports, it is necessary to substitute local beans. One of them is cowpea which is tolerant to acid soil with a potential seed yield of 1000 – 1200 kg ha-1. To achieve its production potential, it is necessary to obtain the best production techniques for this superior variety. The aim of the study was to obtain the best dose of NPK fertilize on the growth and production on 2 variety of cowpea. The study was conducted at Cikarawang Experimental Field IPB in February-May 2021. The study used a completely randomized group design (RKLT) with three replications. The results of analysis of variance showed that this research has not yet obtained the best dose of NPK fertilization on Uno and Albina varieties. However, there are indications that NPK fertilization significantly increases the productivity and weight of cowpea tile seeds at the age of 8 WAP. There are significant variations between varieties on dry leaf weight at the age of 6 WAP, number of pods, wet pod weight per plant, dry pod weight per plant, tile pod weight, seed weight of tiles and productivity at 8 WAP. There also significant of variances between varieties on parameter pod length, pod number, wet pod weight per plant, dry pod weight per plant, tile pod weight, dry seed weight and productivity at 9 WAP.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/110622
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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