Dinamika Populasi Wereng Batang Coklat, Nilaparvata lugens Stål. dan Musuh Alaminya pada Pertanaman Padi di Kecamatan Tamansari dan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Wereng batang coklat (WBC) merupakan salah satu hama utama tanaman padi. Musuh alami dari golongan predator maupun cendawan memiliki peran penting dalam mengendalikan populasi WBC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tambahan terkait dinamika populasi WBC serta musuh alaminya di Kecamatan Tamansari dan Ciampea. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Februari hingga Mei tahun 2021 di Desa Sukaresmi dan Desa Pasir Eurih (Kecamatan Tamansari) serta Desa Bojong Jengkol (Kecamatan Ciampea). Hasil penelitian menunjukan nimfa WBC sudah ditemukan pada padi berumur 4 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Puncak populasi WBC di Kecamatan Tamansari terjadi pada fase vegetatif padi, sedangkan di Kecamatan Ciampea populasi WBC masih banyak ditemukan pada fase generatif padi. Kepadatan populasi WBC tertinggi terjadi pada padi berumur 9 MST di Desa Bojong Jengkol. Keanekaragam musuh alami di ketiga desa menurut perhitungan uji dari Shannon-Wiener berada di tingkat sedang. Terdapat 9 macam jenis musuh alami yang ditemukan dari ketiga desa. Tiga jenis predator yang paling banyak ditemui antara lain: Lycosa pseudoannulata, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis dan Paederus fuscipes. Selain itu ditemukan juga dua jenis cendawan antara lain: Hirsutella citriformis dan Beauveria bassiana.

Brown planthopper, N. lugens (BPH) is one of the main pests of rice plants. Natural enemies such as predators and entomopathogenic fungi have an important role in controlling the BPH population. This study aims to obtain information related to the population dynamics of BPH and its natural enemies in Tamansari and Ciampea Sub-districts. This research was conducted from February to May in Sukaresmi Village and Pasir Eurih Village (Tamansari District) and Bojong Jengkol Village (Ciampea District). The results showed that BPH nymphs were found in 4 weeks after planting (WAP). The peak population in Tamansari District was in the vegetative phase of rice, while in Ciampea District BPH populations were still mostly found in the generative phase of rice. The highest BPH population density occurred in the village of Bojong Jengkol at 9 WAP. The diversity of natural enemies according to Shannon-Wiener from the three villages is at a moderate level. There are 9 types of natural enemies found from the three villages. The three most common types of predators were: Lycosa pseudoannulata, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis and Paederus fuscipes. And also there are two types of fungi in the field: Hirsutella citriformis and Beauveria bassiana.