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      Prediksi Kualitas Buah Jambu Biji “Kristal” Secara NonDestruktif Menggunakan Portable Near Infrared Spectrometer (Nirs)

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Ana, Ayu Putri
      Purwanto, Yohanes Aris
      Widodo, Slamet
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      Abstract
      Jambu biji “Kristal” (Psidium guajava L.) merupakan buah non klimakterik yang memiliki pola respirasi yang stabil dan tidak menunjukkan adanya puncak klimaterik atau meningkatnya kecepatan produksi CO2 secara signifikan. Petani selama ini memeriksa indek panen buah berdasarkan pengalaman budidaya yaitu seperti warna kulit buah jambu, tekstur atau kekerasan pada buah jambu yang dilakukan secara kronologi (perhitungan hari setelah anthesis). Meskipun para petani pada umumnya memiliki pengalaman budidaya yang cukup namun potensi petani untuk memanen jambu “Kristal” kadang tidak sesuai dengan permintaan konsumen. Pengukuran indeks panen buah jambu “Kristal” masih dilakukan secara manual sehingga membuat hasil dari pengukuran tersebut kurang akurat dan kurang objektif akibat keterbatasan visual manusia, serta dapat berpotensi merusak badan buah (destruktif). Dalam penelitian ini, portable near-infrared spectrometer dengan panjang gelombang 740-1070 nm digunakan untuk memprediksi dengan cepat indeks panen jambu biji “Kristal” melalui pendekatan non-kontak dan non-destruktif. Sampel buah jambu biji diambil pada umur panen 91, 94, 97, dan 100 hari setelah anthesis (HSA). Jumlah sampel masing-masing 30 buah. Kekerasan, kandungan padatan terlarut, acidity dan rasio gula asam dievaluasi sebagai parameter kualitas. Metode Partial Least Square (PLS) digunakan untuk pengolahan data. Ditemukan bahwa Standard Normal Variate (SNV) menghasilkan pretereatment terbaik untuk semua parameter kualitas indeks panen. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa performa terbaik ditunjukkan oleh koefisien korelasi (r), Standard Error of Calibrasi (SEC) dan Standar Error of Prediksi (SEP), yang masing-masing adalah 0,88, 6,21, 5,92 untuk prediksi kekerasan, 0,74, 0,84, 0,79 untuk prediksi kandungan total padatan terlarut, 0,59, 0,19, 0,26 untuk prediksi acidity, dan 0,71, 1,21, 1,58 untuk model prediksi rasio gula asam yang menentukan kualitas indeks panen jambu “Kristal” serta dapat berkontribusi untuk pengembangan sortasi buah secara tidak merusak.
       
      “Crystal” guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a non-climacteric fruit that has a stable respiration pattern and does not show any lyateric peaks or significantly increased co2 production speed. Farmers have been checking the index of fruit harvest based on cultivation experience such as the skin color of guava fruit, texture or hardness in guava fruit carried out chronologically (calculation of the day after anthesis). Although farmers in general have sufficient cultivation experience, the potential for farmers to harvest "Crystal" guava sometimes does not match consumer demand. Measurement of the harvest index of guava fruit "Crystal" is still done manually so as to make the results of these measurements less accurate and less objective due to human visual limitations, and can potentially damage the fruit body (destructive). In this study, a portable 740-1070 nm near-infrared spectrometer was employed to rapidly predict harvest indices of “crystal” guava, by means of non-contact and non-destructive approach. Samples of guava fruit were collected at days after anthesis (DAA) of 91, 94, 97, and 100. The total number of each sample were 30 fruits. The firmness, soluble solid content, acidity and sugar acid ration were evaluated as quality parameters. Partial least square (PLS) method was utilized for data processing. It was found that Standard Normal Variate (SNV) resulted in the best pre-processing for all quality parameters. The results of this study in the form of best performance are indicated by correlation coefficient (r), Standard Error of Calibrasi (SEC) and Standard Error of Prediction (SEP), which are 0.88, respectively, 6.21, 5.92 for hardness predictions, 0.74, 0.84, 0.79 for dissolved solids total content predictions, 0.59, 0.19, 0.26 for acidity predictions, and 0.71, 1.21, 1.58 for the acid sugar ratio prediction model that determines the quality of the "Crystal" guava harvest index and can contribute to fruit sorting development is not destructive.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/110290
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      • MT - Agriculture Technology [2420]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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