Pemanfaatan Data Visibilitas (Airport Visibility) untuk Menduga Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA)

Abstract

Data visibilitas selalu tersedia di bandara guna keselamatan saat take off dan landing pesawat. Selain menunjukkan indikator kualitas udara, visibilitas juga dapat menjadi gambaran dari faktor meteorologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bentuk hubungan visibilitas dan faktor iklim (curah hujan, kelembaban dan suhu) serta mendapat gambaran manfaatnya untuk menduga kejadian penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di Kota Pontianak. Analisis hubungan kejadian ISPA dengan visibilitas dan faktor iklim dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif berdasarkan hasil plot data dan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tren hubungan antara curah hujan dan visibilitas berbentuk polinomial kuadratik. Pada kondisi curah hujan rendah di bawah 100 mm/bulan dan curah hujan tinggi di atas 400 mm/bulan, visibilitas rendah. Kejadian ISPA tinggi saat visibilitas di bawah 3 km, rendah pada kondisi visibilitas sedang, dan tinggi kembali pada kondisi visibilitas tinggi di atas 6 km. Hubungan kejadian ISPA, dengan kombinasi visibilitas dan curah hujan dapat digambarkan dengan baik dengan 3D Surface Plot. Perajahan dengan 3D Surface Plot menunjukkan kejadian ISPA tertinggi terjadi pada kondisi visibilitas rendah (≤ 3 km) dan curah hujan juga rendah, kurang dari 100 mm/bulan.

Visibility data is always available at the airport for safety during take off and landing. In addition to showing air quality indicators, visibility can discribe meteorological conditions. This study aims to obtain the relationship between visibility and climatic factors (rainfall, humidity and temperature) and get an overview of its benefits for estimating the incidence of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARI) in Pontianak City. Analysis of the relationship between the incidence of ARI with visibility and climatic factors was carried out by descriptive analysis based on the results of data plots and correlation analysis. The results show the trend of the relationship between rainfall and visibility is in the form of a quadratic polynomial. In conditions, visibility will be low when the rainfall below 100 mm/month and above 400 mm/month. The incidence of ARI is high when visibility is below 3 km, low in moderate visibility conditions, and high again in high visibility conditions above 6 km. The relationship among the incidence of ARI, visibility, and rainfall can be well described when using 3D Surface Plot. The 3D Surface Plot diagram shows that the highest incidence of ARI occurs in conditions of low visibility (≤ 3 km) and low rainfall, less than 100 mm/month.