Perubahan Strategi Penghidupan dan Peran Gender Rumah Tangga Pengelola Desa Wisata pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19

Abstract

Perubahan Strategi Penghidupan dan Peran Gender Rumah Tangga Pengelola Desa Wisata pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Di bawah bimbingan EKAWATI SRI WAHYUNI. Pandemi global COVID-19 memberikan dampak negatif pada segi kesehatan, sosial, dan ekonomi. Salah satu sektor yang terdampak adalah sektor pariwisata seperti desa wisata yang sedang menjamur di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif dalam menjelaskan dampak pandemi terhadap sektor bisnis pariwisata di desa wisata dan menganalisis perubahan strategi nafkah dan peran gender yang dialami rumah tangga pengelola desa wisata. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara mendalam kepada 10 informan dan kuesioner kepada 37 rumah tangga pengelola Desa Wisata Nglanggeran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan penurunan wisatawan dan omset desa wisata. Terjadi perubahan pendapatan, modal sosial, strategi nafkah, dan peran gender. Rumah tangga pun mengalami penurunan pendapatan dan melakukan perubahan strategi nafkah yaitu dengan mencari pekerjaan lain ketika pekerjaan wisatanya terpaksa berhenti. Perubahan peran gender juga terjadi pada beberapa rumah tangga karena bertambahnya waktu di rumah dan tertutupnya beberapa usaha wisata yang dijalani oleh rumah tangga desa wisata ketika pandemi. Kata kunci: desa wisata, pandemi COVID-19, peran gender, strategi penghidupan.

The COVID-19 Impact on Changes of Livelihood Strategies and Gender Roles in Tourism Village Business Actors Households. Supervised by EKAWATI SRI WAHYUNI. The global pandemic COVID-19 has a negative impact on health, social, and economic aspects. One of the affected sectors is the tourism sector such as tourism villages. This study uses mixed methods that obtain a quantitative and qualitative method in explaining the impact of pandemics on the tourism business sector in tourist villages and analyzing changes in the livelihood strategy and gender roles experienced by tourist village manager households. The data was obtained by in-depth interviews with 10 informants and questionnaires to 37 business households in Nglanggeran Tourism Village. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic caused a decrease in tourists and the turnover of tourist villages. There have been changes in household income, ownership of social capital, livelihood strategy, and gender roles. Households also experience a decrease in income and change their livelihood strategy by finding another occupation when their tourist occupation is forced to stop. Gender roles changes also occur in some households due to increased time at home and the closure of some tourism businesses undertaken by tourist village management households during the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, gender roles, livelihood strategies, tourism village.