Analisis Perbandingan Efisiensi Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi COVID-19

Abstract

Perbankan Indonesia menganut dual banking system, yaitu bank konvensional dan bank syariah. Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan krisis ekonomi yang berdampak pada kinerja perbankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan membandingkan efisiensi bank syariah dan bank konvensional, pada periode sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Stochastic Frontier Analisys (SFA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pada periode sebelum COVID-19, bank syariah memperoleh rata-rata efisiensi sebesar 91,98% dan bank konvensional sebesar 81,43%. Sedangkan, pada periode selama COVID-19, bank syariah memperoleh rata-rata efisiensi sebesar 91,41% dan bank konvensional sebesar 80,31%. Dilihat dari besarnya penurunan rata-rata efisiensi, bank syariah hanya turun sebesar 0,57%, sedangkan bank konvensional turun sebesar 1,11%. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bank syariah lebih tahan dari krisis. Berdasarkan independent sample t-test, rata-rata efisiensi antara bank syariah dan bank konvensional dinyatakan tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan pada kedua periode.

The banking system in Indonesia follows a dual banking system, conventional bank and Islamic bank. COVID-19 pandemic causes an economic crisis that impacts banking performance. This study aims to analyze and compare the efficiency level of Islamic banks and conventional banks before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis technique in this study uses the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method. The results of the study show that the period before the COVID-19 pandemic, Islamic banks obtain an average efficiency level of 91.98% and conventional banks obtain 81.43%. Meanwhile, during the COVID-19 pandemic period, Islamic banks obtain an average efficiency level of 91.41% and conventional banks of 80.31%. From the total decrease in the average efficiency level, Islamic banks only have a decrease of 0.57% while conventional banks have 1.11%. This shows that Islamic banks are more resilient from the crisis. According to the independent sample t-test, the average efficiency between Islamic banks and conventional banks is stated no significant differences in the two periods.