Estimasi Nilai Ekonomi Wisata dan Dampak Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Wisata Hutan Pinus Loji Kabupaten Blitar

Abstract

Pada Desember 2019, Virus COVID-19 pertama kali muncul di Wuhan, Cina dan menyebar ke seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Penyebaran virus COVID-19 yang telah meluas ke berbagai belahan dunia berdampak pada penutupan tempat wisata. Pemberlakuan kebijakan new normal dan Pemberlakukan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) berdampak pada tingkat kunjungan wisatawan salah satunya pada wisata Hutan Pinus Loji. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengetahui persepsi wisatawan terhadap kondisi Hutan Pinus Loji, (2) mengidentifikasi dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap tingkat kunjungan wisata Hutan Pinus Loji, (3) mengetahui persepsi wisatawan terhadap COVID-19, (4) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kunjungan wisata Hutan Pinus Loji, (5) mengestimasi nilai ekonomi wisata dari Hutan Pinus Loji. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode skala likert, travel cost method, dan analisis regresi poisson. Hasil penelitian menunjukan persepsi wisatawan terhadap kondisi Hutan Pinus Loji adalah sangat baik. Hasil perbandingan jumlah wisatawan Hutan Pinus Loji tahun 2018 – April 2021 menunjukkan bahwa virus COVID-19 tidak mengurangi jumlah kunjungan wisatawan. Kesadaran wisatawan atas masalah wabah virus COVID-19 dan pentingnya penerapan protokol kesehatan sudah sangat baik. Hasil estimasi nilai ekonomi wisata Hutan Pinus Loji sebesar Rp 38.186.813 per tahun dan terdapat dua faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap jumlah kunjungan yaitu lama mengetahui dan persepsi rata-rata wisatawan terhadap kondisi Hutan Pinus Loji.

In December 2019, COVID-19 virus first appeared in Wuhan, China, then spread throughout the world including Indonesia. The outbreak has forced the closure of many tourist attractions. The implementation of the new normal policy and mobility restriction (PPKM) influence the level of tourist visits in many tourist sites including Loji Pine Forest. This research aims to: (1) analyze tourist perceptions regarding to Loji Pine Forest condition, (2) identify the impact of the COVID-19 on the level of tourism visits at Loji Pine Forest, (3) analyze tourist perceptions related to COVID-19 pandemic, (4) identify factors that influence the number of visits to Loji Pine Forest, (5) estimate the economic value of tourism of Loji Pine Forest. The data analysis method used in this research is the likert scale analysis, descriptive analysis, travel cost method, and Poisson regression. The results show that tourists' perception on Loji Pine Forest condition is very good. The data on tourist visits during 2018 – April 2021 shows that the COVID-19 outbreak did not reduce the number of tourist visits to Loji Pine Forest. Tourists’ awareness on the pandemic and the importance of health protocol is very good. The estimation results of the economic value of tourism is IDR 38.186.813 per year. There are two factors that affects the number of visits: duration of recognition and tourists’ average perception on the condition of Loji Pine Forest