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      Produksi Bioetanol Khamir Wickerhamomyces anomalus asal Tuak Bali

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Fathiah, Muhammad Fadhil
      Astuti, Rika Indri
      Listiyowati, Sri
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      Abstract
      Kebutuhan untuk mencapai sasaran peningkatan sumber energi alternatif melatarbelakangi penelitian terkait bioenergi, salah satunya bioetanol. Bioetanol merupakan senyawa organik hasil fermentasi substrat gula oleh mikrob. Isolasi dari produk Brem Tabuh didapatkan isolat yang terindentifikasi sebagai Wickerhamomyces anomalus. W. anomalus kode BT2, BT5, BT6 memiliki fenotipe toleran terhadap cekaman suhu, etanol, dan gula tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tiga strain W. anomalus dalam memanfaatkan berbagai substrat gula (glukosa, xilosa, maltosa, sukrosa, dekstrosa) pada media oxidative fermentative (OF), pengukuran efisiensi pemanfaatan gula, dan produksi etanol substrat terpilih dengan gas chromatography (GC). Pengujian menggunakan media OF menunjukkan ketiga strain menghasilkan reaksi positif disetiap gula uji, terbentuk gelembung gas dan perubahan warna media. Efisiensi pemanfaatan substrat terpilih (glukosa,xilosa,maltosa) setelah 48 jam inkubasi menunjukkan nilai efisiensi pemanfaatan substrat paling tinggi yaitu BT6 pada glukosa (61.02%), BT2 dan BT5 pada maltosa masing-masing 60.90% dan 58.44%. Pengukuran produksi etanol dengan GC menunjukkan ketiga strain mampu menghasilkan etanol yang lebih tinggi pada substrat glukosa dibandingkan substrat lainnya. BT6 dapat menghasilkan produksi etanol tertinggi (5.3g/l) pada substrat glukosa dibandingkan BT2 dan BT5. Namun strain tersebut hanya mampu menghasilkan 0.90g/l dan 0.60g/l pada substrat maltosa dan xilosa. Pengujian fermentasi lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengkonfirmasi kemampuan aktivitas strain BT6.
       
      The need to achieve the target of increasing demand of alternative energy sources is the background for the various studies related to bioenergy, including bioethanol. Bioethanol is an organic compound resulting from the fermentation of sugar substrates by microorganisms.A previous study has isolated three fermentation-stress tolerance yeast strains from traditional Balinese beverages, namely Wickerhamomyces anomalus BT2, BT5, BT6. These three strains are known to have a tolerant phenotype against temperature stress, ethanol, and high sugar concentrations. Our study indicates that these strains could utilize various sugar substrates (glucose, xylose, maltose, sucrose, dextrose) inoxidative fermentative media. The highest value of substrate utilization efficiency following 48 hours fermentation was shown by BT6 on glucose (61.02%), BT2 on xylose (55.44%) and maltose (60.9%). Measurement of ethanol production by GC showed that the three strains were able to produce higher ethanol on the glucose substrate than the other substrates. For instance, BT6 could produce the highest ethanol production (5.3g/l) amongst strains tested by using glucose as a substrate. Yet, the particular strains could only produce 0.90 g/l and 0.60g/l by using maltose and xylose, respectively. Further scale-up fermentation is necessary to confirm the activity of BT 6 strain.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/108758
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