Dampak Ekonomi Pandemi Covid-19 dan Pengelolaan Wisata Sesuai Daya Dukung Protokol Kesehatan di Wisata Boonpring Andeman Malang

Abstract

Pada akhir tahun 2019 terjadi kasus penyebaran virus corona (Covid-19) yang berdampak pada aktivitas ekonomi di Indonesia, dimana salah satu sektor ekonmi yang merasakan dampak yang besar adalah pariwisata. Dampak pandemic terhadap aktivitas wisata juga dirasakan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman. Terlaksananya kegiatan wisata berbasis protokol kesehatan di Kawasan Wisata Boonpring Andeman dengan membatasi jumlah pengunjung dapat selaras dengan daya dukung kawasan agar kawasan wisata dapat berkelanjutan dengan menjaga keamanan, kenyamanan, serta kelestarian sumberdaya alam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengestimasi dampak ekonomi dan lingkungan sebelum dan sesudah adanya pandemi di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (2) mengestimasi kapasitas daya dukung kawasan apabila terlaksananya upaya pembatasan sesuai protokol kesehatan Covid-19 di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (3) menganalisis pengelolaan wisata Boonpring Andeman yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan yaitu multiplier effect, analisis Daya Dukung Kawasan (DDK), dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai Keynesian Income Multiplier di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman menurun, sedangkan nilai Ratio Income Multiplier Tipe I dan II mengalami peningkatan. Kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman masih under carrying capacity dari segi fisiknya. Pengelolaan wisata yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19 dapat diterapkan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman.

At the end of 2019 there were cases of the spread of the corona virus (Covid-19) which had an impact on economic activity in Indonesia, one of which was from the tourism sector. This pandemic has implications for activities from the tourism sector, including in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area. The implementation of health protocols by limiting the number of visitors can be in line with the carrying capacity of the area so that tourist areas can be sustainable by maintaining security, comfort, and the preservation of natural resources. The objectives of this study are: (1) to estimate the economic and environmental impacts before and after the pandemic in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (2) to estimate the carrying capacity of the area if the restrictions are implemented according to the Covid-19 health protocol in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (3) analyzing the management of Boonpring Andeman tourism which is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is the multiplier effect, analysis of Regional Carrying Capacity (DDK), and descriptive analysis. The results showed that the value of the Keynesian Income Multiplier in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area decreased, while the value of the Ratio Income Multiplier Type I and II increased. The Boonpring Andeman tourist area is still under carrying capacity from a physical point of view. Tourism management that is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic can be applied in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area.