Telaah Pustaka Polimer Tercetak Molekul dan Aplikasinya untuk Deteksi Molekul Hayati dengan Sensor Elektrokimia
Abstract
Polimer tercetak molekul (MIP) banyak dikembangkan untuk deteksi
molekul hayati dengan sensor elektrokimia. Ulasan ini menginformasikan
klasifikasi, sintesis, karakterisasi, dan aplikasi MIP untuk deteksi molekul hayati
dengan sensor elektrokimia. Pustaka ditelusur menggunakan mesin pencarian
dalam pangkalan data ilmiah. Klasifikasi MIP terdiri atas nonmagnetic molecularly
imprinted polymer (NMIP) dan magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP).
MIP disintesis melalui teknik elektropolimerisasi, sol-gel, dan epitop. Karakterisasi
MIP dengan mikroskop payaran elektron menunjukkan morfologi permukaan yang
kasar. Dengan voltammetri siklik, MIP dari polimer nonkonduktif dapat
menurunkan respons arus, sebaliknya dari polimer konduktif dapat meningkatkan
respons arus. Aplikasi MIP untuk deteksi molekul hayati antara lain pada deteksi
asam urat, tiroksin, glikoprotein, triptofan, insulin, troponin T kardiak, glukosa,
interleukin-8, glutation, dan kreatinin. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) are extensively developed for the
detection of biological molecules using electrochemical sensors. This review
provides information on the classification, synthesis, characterization, and
application of MIP to detect biological molecules by electrochemical sensors. The
literature review was carried out using a search engine in scientific database. MIP
classification consists of nonmagnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (NMIP) and
magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP). MIP was synthesized through
electropolymerization, sol-gel, and epitope techniques. The characterization of MIP
on the electrode surface by scanning electron microscope showed a rough surface
morphology. By cyclic voltammetry, the MIP showed that the non-conductive
polymer could decrease the current response. In contrast, the MIP of the conductive
polymer can increase the current response. MIP applications for detecting
biological molecules have been reported, among others, in the detection of uric acid,
thyroxine, glycoprotein, tryptophan, insulin, cardiac troponin T, glucose,
interleukin-8, glutathione, and creatinine.
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