Dominansi Gulma Menurut Tahun Pangkas Tanaman Teh (Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze) di Perkebunan Teh Negara Kanaan, PT Ratnapura Bianka, Bandung

Abstract

Budidaya tanaman teh tidak lepas dari keberadaan gulma. Dominansi gulma berdasarkan tahun pangkas perlu diketahui agar pengendalian gulma terlaksana dengan efektif. Kegiatan magang bertujuan menganalisis dominansi gulma menurut tahun pangkas tanaman teh. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa gulma dominan yang tumbuh pada TP 1 dan TP 2 didominasi Oplismenus hirtellus sedangkan TP 3, 4, dan 5 didominasi Ageratum conyzoides. Nilai koefisien komunitas antar tahun pangkas kurang dari 70%, sehingga vegetasi gulma bersifat heterogen. Pengelolaan kerja pengendalian gulma berprinsip POACE. Pengendalian gulma dilaksanakan dengan metode manual menggunakan sabit dan kimiawi menggunakan knapsack sprayer. Herbisida yang digunakan berbahan aktif Isopropilamina glifosat dengan dosis antara 1,61-2,50 l ha-1. Pengendalian gulma kimiawi dilaksanakan dengan rotasi 3-6 bulan. Pekerja pengendalian gulma kimiawi dapat menyelesaikan 0,4 ha HK-1 pada TP 1 dan 0,5 ha HK-1 pada TP 2 hingga TP 4. Pekerja pengendalian gulma belum mematuhi kelengkapan APD yang ditetapkan perusahaan. Biaya pengendalian gulma pada TP 1 hingga TP 4 berkisar antara Rp541.971 hingga Rp1.004.928. Keberagaman gulma setiap tahun pangkas mempengaruhi kegiatan pengelolaan kerja pengendalian gulma secara umum.

The cultivation of tea plants cannot be separated from the presence of weeds. Weed dominance by year of pruning needs to be known so that weed control is carried out effectively. The internship activity aims to analyze the dominance of weeds by year of pruning of tea plants. The results showed that the dominant weeds growing in TP 1 and TP 2 were dominated by Oplismenus hirtellus, while TP 3, 4, and 5 were dominated by Ageratum conyzoides. The community coefficient value between pruning years is less than 70%, so the weed vegetation is heterogeneous. Weed control work management is based on the POACE principle. Weed control is carried out manually using a sickle and chemically using a knapsack sprayer. The herbicide used as an active ingredient is Isopropylamine glyphosate with a dose between 1.61-2.50 l ha-1. Chemical weed control is carried out with a rotation of 3-6 months. Chemical weed control workers can complete 0.4 ha HK-1 at TP 1 and 0.5 ha HK-1 at TP 2 to TP 4. Weed control workers have not complied with the completeness of PPE set by the company. Weed control costs in TP 1 to TP 4 ranged from Rp. 541,971 to Rp. 1,004,928. The diversity of weeds each year affects weed control work management activities in general.