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      Formulasi Aktinomiset Rizosfer Pemacu Tumbuh dengan Menggunakan Bahan Pembawa Gambut

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Deviani, Cindy
      Wahyudi, Aris Tri
      Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih
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      Abstract
      Aktinomiset yang hidup di sekitar perakaran (rizosfer) merupakan salah satu kelompok bakteri Gram-positif yang dapat berperan penting sebagai agen pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman atau Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasi aktinomiset rizosfer pemacu tumbuh menggunakan bahan pembawa berupa gambut, serta mengetahui kemampuannya dalam memproduksi IAA, melarutkan fosfat, dan tumbuh pada media bebas nitrogen. Pengamatan morfologi isolat ARJ 16, ARJ 28, ARJ 32, dan ARJ 34 memperlihatkan keragaman warna miselium aerial dan tipe miselium yang sama, yaitu spiral. Berdasarkan pengamatan tersebut keempat isolat termasuk ke dalam genus Streptomyces. Keempat isolat tersebut mampu tumbuh pada medium bebas nitrogen (N-free medium) yang ditandai dengan tumbuhnya koloni aktinomiset pada media tersebut. Isolat-isolat tersebut juga mampu melarutkan fosfat dengan indeks pelarutan fosfat tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh isolat ARJ 34. Berdasarkan uji secara kolorimetri, keempat isolat diketahui mampu menghasilkan IAA dengan konsentrasi tertinggi yaitu 30,43 ppm yang ditunjukkan oleh isolat ARJ 28, dan konsentrasi terendah yaitu 21,93 ppm yang ditunjukkan oleh isolat ARJ 16. Identifikasi isolat aktinomiset berdasarkan gen 16S rRNA menyatakan bahwa keempat isolat tersebut termasuk ke dalam genus Streptomyces. Keempat Streptomyces tersebut telah berhasil diformulasi menggunakan bahan pembawa utama yaitu gambut. Streptomyces di dalam bahan pembawa mampu mempertahankan viabilitas selnya sebesar 108 CFU g-1 setelah masa penyimpanan selama lima minggu pada suhu ruang.
       
      Actinomycetes that live in the area around roots (rhizosphere) are a group of Gram-positive bacteria that can play an important role as plant growth promoters or Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). This study aims to formulate growth-promoting rhizosphere actinomycetes using peat as a carrier, and to determine their ability to produce IAA, solubilizing phosphate, and grow on nitrogen-free media. Morphology of isolates ARJ 16, ARJ 28, ARJ 32, and ARJ 34 varied in color diversity of aerial mycelia and the same type of mycelium, namely spiral. Based on the four isolates included in the genus Streptomyces. The four isolates were able to grow on nitrogen-free medium which was characterized by the growth of actinomycete colonies on the media. These isolates were also able to solubilize phosphate with the highest phosphate solvent index shown by isolate ARJ 34. Based on colorimetric tests, all four were known to be able to produce IAA with the highest concentration of 30.43 ppm indicated by isolate ARJ 28, and the lowest concentration of 21 93 ppm indicated by ARJ 16 isolate. The identification of actinomycete isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene stated that the four isolates belonged to the genus Streptomyces. The four Streptomyces were successfully formulated using the main carrier material, namely peat. Streptomyces in the carrier material was able to maintain cell viability of 108 CFU g-1 after five weeks of storage at room temperature.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/108381
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