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      Pembangunan Sektoral dan Regional Dalam Mendorong Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Kepulauan Riau

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Wibowo, Satrio Teguh
      Purnamadewi, Yeti Lis
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      Abstract
      Pembangunan ekonomi dilakukan untuk menciptakan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi yang stabil serta pengurangan tingkat kemiskinan. Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, meskipun dalam lima tahun terakhir masih termasuk dalam provinsi dengan tingkat pendapatan perkapita yang relatif tinggi namun pertumbuhan ekonominya mengalami perlambanan serta terjadi ketimpangan antar wilayah baik dari sisi pertumbuhan ekonomi maupun tingkat kemiskinan. Pengembangan ekonomi sektoral dan regional dapat mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi berkelanjutan serta pengentasan kemiskinan melalui redistribusi pendapatan. Dengan demikian tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis sektor unggulan dan wilayah pengembangan sektor unggulan serta menganalisis dampak sektor unggulan tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kemiskinan di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Hasil analisis Tipologi Klassen yang didasarkan pada nilai LQ (Location Quotient) dan DS (Differential Shift) menunjukan bahwa 3 sektor unggulan tertinggi di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau ialah sektor pertambangan dan penggalian, sektor konstruksi, dan sektor industri pengolahan. Namun demikian, hasil analisis ekonometrik data panel menunjukan bahwa hanya dua sektor unggulan yang mampu secara signifikan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan sekaligus menurunkan kemiskinan yaitu sektor pertambangan dan penggalian serta sektor konstruksi. Untuk dapat mengembangkan kedua sektor unggulan tersebut secara optimal, secara regional berdasarkan analisis Tipologi Klassen, wilayah pengembangannya adalah Kepulauan Anambas dan Natuna untuk sektor pertambangan dan penggalian; sementara untuk sektor konstruksi, wilayah pengembangannya adalah Batam.
       
      Economic development is carried out to create community welfare through stable economic growth and poverty reduction. Riau Archipelago Province, although in the last five years it is still included in the province with a relatively high level of per capita income, its economic growth has slowed and there have been disparities between regions both in terms of economic growth and poverty levels. Sectoral and regional economic development can promote sustainable economic growth and poverty alleviation through income redistribution. Thus, the main objective of this study is to analyze the leading sectors and areas of development of the leading sectors and to analyze the impact of these leading sectors on economic growth and poverty in the Riau Islands Province. The results of the Klassen Typology analysis based on the LQ (Location Quotient) and DS (Differential Shift) values show that the 3 highest leading sectors in the Riau Islands Province are the mining and quarrying sector, the construction sector, and the manufacturing industry sector. However, the results of the econometric analysis of panel data show that only two leading sectors are able to significantly boost economic growth and at the same time reduce poverty, namely the mining and quarrying sector and the construction sector. In order to develop the two leading sectors optimally, regionally based on Klassen's Typology analysis, the development areas are the Anambas and Natuna Islands for the mining and quarrying sector; while for the construction sector, the development area is Batam.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/108068
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3213]

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