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      Hubungan Fiskal Daerah dan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat di Provinsi Papua Barat

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Daud, Marham
      Purnamadewi, Yeti Lis
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      Abstract
      Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) merupakan salah satu indikator untuk mengukur kesejahteraan masyarakat. Suatu daerah dikategorikan maju apabila angka IPMnya tinggi dan sebaliknya. Papua Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan angka IPM yang relatif rendah dan dengan jumlah daerah tertinggal yang relatif banyak dan mengalami peningkatan jumlah daerah tertinggal padahal terdapat perubahan kebijakan pemerintah yang lebih memihak pada percepatan pembangunan daerah tertinggal. Dengan demikian, tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dampak fiskal terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. Dengan menggunakan model ekonometrik data panel yang terdiri dari 13 kabupaten/kota dan pada periode 2015-2019, khususnya Fixed Effect Model (FEM) menunjukkan bahwa dari empat jenis pengeluaran pemerintah, tiga diantaranya berpengaruh siginifikan terhadap perkembangan IPM, dana desa, pengeluaran pemerintah bidang pendidikan dan pengeluaran bidang kesehatan memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap IPM dan sebaliknya dengan pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah bidang ekonomi. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara IPM di daerah tertinggal dan daerah tidak tertinggal dimana di daerah tidak tertinggal IPMnya relatif tinggi. Pertumbuhan ekonomi juga berpengaruh positif terhadap IPM. Dengan demikian untuk mendorong pertumbuhan IPM di daerah tertinggal maka pertumbuhan ekonomi atau GDPnya harus terus dipacu melalui pengembangan infrastruktur kesehatan serta infrastruktur dan program pengembangan masyarakat pedesaan yang didukung peningkatan dana desa.
       
      The Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the indicators to quantify public welfare An area is categorized as developed if the HDI’s number is high and vice versa. West Papua is one of the provinces with a relatively low HDI rate and a relatively large number of underdeveloped areas and has experienced an increase in the number of underdeveloped areas even though there have been changes in government policies that are more in favor of accelerating the development of underdeveloped areas. The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of fiscal on people's welfare. By using the data econometric modela panel consisting of 13 districts/cities and in the 2015-2019 period , in particular the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) that shows of the four types of government spending, three of them have a significant effect on the development of HDI, government spending financed by village funds , government spending in education and expenditure in the health sector has a positive effect on HDI and contrast with the influence of government’s spending on the economy sector. The results of the analysis also show that there is a significant difference between HDI in undeveloped and developed areas that developed areas HDI is relatively high. Economic growth also has a positive effect on HDI. To encourage HDI growth in underdeveloped areas, economic growth or GDP must be continue to spurred through the development of health infrastructure and programs for rural community development infrastructure and supported by increased use of village funds.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107863
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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