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      Aktivitas antioksidan dan komponen fitokimia beberapa tanaman Gynura : studi pustaka

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Andjani, Fitri
      Suparto, Irma Herawati
      Rafi, Mohamad
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      Abstract
      Beberapa tanaman genus Gynura dilaporkan memiliki kemampuan biologis sebagai antioksidan, yaitu Gynura procumbens, G. bicolor, G. pseudochina, G. divaricata, dan G. medica. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan makna serta hubungan senyawa fitokimia, pelarut, metode ekstraksi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan secara in vitro pada beberapa tanaman Gynura. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai IC50 atau persen aktivitas antioksidan (%AA) di berbagai literatur. Selain itu, mengevaluasi perlakuan pelarut, metode ekstraksi, dan pengujian antioksidan pada masing-masing tanaman Gynura. Pelarut terbaik yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah etanol (polar). Metode ekstraksi terbaik pada tanaman G. procumbens dan G. pseudochina adalah maserasi, G. bicolor adalah sonikasi 40 oC, G.divaricata dan G. medica adalah refluks (95–100 oC), serta pengujian terbaik melalui mekanisme penangkapan radikal bebas menggunakan metode DPPH dan ABTS. Faktor lain seperti senyawa fitokimia juga ditentukan dengan menggolongkan senyawa tersebut ke dalam golongan flavonoid dan asam fenolat serta melihat senyawa sejenis yang teridentifikasi dari kelima tanaman. Senyawa fitokimia tersebut meliputi derivat asam sinamat (asam fenolat), kaempferol, dan kuersetin (flavonoid).
       
      Some of the genus Gynura plants have reported having the biological ability as an antioxidant, such as G. procumbens, G. bicolor, G. pseudochina, G. divaricata, and G. medica. The purpose of this review is to determine the interpretation and connection between phytochemical compounds, solvent, extraction methods to antioxidant activities by in vitro assay in several Gynura plants. The evaluation was made by comparing IC50 value or percentage of antioxidant activity (%AA) in various literature. Focused on the solvent treatment, extraction method, and antioxidant assay in each Gynura plant. We found that the best solvent is ethanol (polar). The best extraction method in G. procumbens plant and G. pseudochina is maceration, G. bicolor is 40°C sonication, G. divaricata, and G. medica is reflux (95–100°C). The best antioxidant assay is the mechanism of trapping free radicals using DPPH and ABTS methods. Other factors such as phytochemical compounds were also determined by classifying compounds in flavonoid and phenolic acid groups, also observing similar compounds in all five Gynura. These phytochemical compounds are cinnamic acid derivative (phenolic acid), kaempferol, and quercetin (flavonoid). Keywords : antioxidan, extraction, gynura, secondary metabolite.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107704
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      • UT - Chemistry [2295]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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