Pengaruh Tipe Pemisahan (Spin-off) terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah

Abstract

Abstrak : Perihal penting yang dibahas dalam UU No. 21 Tahun 2008 adalah kewajiban unit usaha syariah (UUS) memisahkan diri menjadi bank umum syariah (BUS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tipe pemisahan dan rasio keuangan terhadap return on asset dari periode kuartal I 2015 sampai kuartal IV 2019. Metode yang digunakan regresi data panel dan Mann Whitney U-Test. Sampel penelitian dipilih berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel tipe pemisahan berpengaruh signifikan, CAR dan FDR berpengaruh positif, BOPO dan NPF berpengaruh ngeatif terhadap ROA. Hasil Mann Whitney U-Test menunjukkan bahwa hanya variabel CAR yang perbedaan kinerja keuangan antara BUS hasil pemisahan murni dan akuisisi-konversi. Pemilihan tipe pemisahan UUS sebaiknya mempertimbangkan kondisi dan tujuan kedepannya. Selanjutnya, BUS hasil pemisahan sebaiknya memperhatikan rasio CAR, BOPO, FDR dan NPF agar dapat meningkatkan profitabilitas.

An important matter discussed in law No. 21 of 2008 is the obligation of the sharia business unit (UUS) to spin-off into a sharia commercial bank (BUS). This study aims to determine the effect of the spin-off and financial ratios on return on assets from the second quarter of 2014 to the third quarter of 2020. The method used is panel data regression and Mann Whitney U-Test. The research sample was selected based on purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the variable type of separation had a significant effect, CAR and FDR had a positive effect, BOPO and NPF had a negative effect on ROA. The results of the Mann Whitney U-Test show that only the CAR variable is the difference in financial performance between BUS resulting from pure separation and acquisition-conversion. The selection of the type of UUS separation should consider the conditions and future goals. Furthermore, the separated BUS should pay attention to the ratio of CAR, BOPO, FDR and NPF to increase profitability.