Perkembangan Penggunaan Lahan dan Kualitas Air Sungai Ciliwung Segmen Kota Bogor Selama Periode 2013-2019

Abstract

Perubahan lahan di Sungai Ciliwung segmen Kota Bogor cenderung memperluas lahan permukiman dan industri, dan semakin menggeser lahan pertanian dan peternakan. Pergeseran penggunaan lahan tersebut merubah besarnya beban pencemaran yang ditimbulkan sehingga mengakibatkan perubahan kualitas air Sungai Ciliwung. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji perubahan penggunaan lahan Sungai Ciliwung di wilayah Kota Bogor, mengetahui besarnya beban pencemaran Sungai Ciliwung segmen Kota Bogor, serta dampak perubahan penggunaan lahan dan beban pencemaran terhadap kualitas air. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kualitas air sungai dalam kategori cemar sedang hingga berat, dengan parameter BOD, COD dan total fosfat yang melampaui baku mutu air kelas II. Potensi beban pencemaran tertinggi berasal dari limbah domestik, disamping sumber-sumber lainnya seperti pertanian, peternakan, dan industri. Beban pencemaran tersebut menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air Sungai Ciliwung segmen Kota Bogor, sehingga hingga saat ini selalu melebihi baku mutu air kelas II yang telah ditargetkan.

Land changes in the Ciliwung river in the Bogor city segment tend to expand residential and industrial area and shifting agricultural land and farms. The shift in land use changed the amount of pollution burden caused resulting in changes in the water quality of the Ciliwung River. The purpose of the research is to assess the change in the use of river ciliwung in the Bogor City area, to know the magnitude of the ciliwung river's burden of Bogor City, and the impact of changes in land use and pollution burden on water quality. The results of the analysis showed the river water quality in the category of moderate to heavy pollutants, with parameters BOD, COD and Total Phosphate exceeding the standard of water quality class II. The highest potential pollution burden comes from domestic waste, besides agriculture, farming, and industry. The pollution burden caused a reduction of the water quality of the Ciliwung River segment of Bogor City so that until now it has always exceeded the standard quality of class II that has been targeted.