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      Uji Daya Hasil Galur Dihaploid Padi Beras Hitam di Kabupaten Kediri, Jawa Timur

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Ardiansyawati, Dinar
      Purwoko, Bambang Sapta
      Dewi, Iswari Saraswati
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      Abstract
      Kebutuhan beras fungsional meningkat seiring waktu, salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitasnya ialah dengan pemuliaan tanaman. Pemuliaan secara konvensional membutuhkan waktu yang lama, sedangkan dengan kultur antera waktu pemuliaan menjadi lebih singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan galur-galur dihaploid padi beras hitam dengan produktivitas hasil sama atau lebih baik dari varietas pembanding. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Kepung, Kabupaten Kediri Jawa Timur pada September 2020 - Maret 2021. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) satu faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Galur yang diuji sebanyak 14 galur dengan dua varietas pembanding yaitu Aek Sibundong dan Jeliteng. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 8 galur memiliki produktivitas setara dengan varietas Aek Sibundong, 6 galur memiliki produktivitas setara dengan Varietas Jeliteng dan 3 galur memiliki produktivitas lebih tinggi dibanding dua varietas pembanding. Dari 14 galur yang diuji, 9 galur menghasilkan warna beras coklat dan 5 galur menghasilkan warna beras ungu kehitaman. Galur-galur padi tersebut memiliki karakter unggul dengan jumlah anakan sedikit, tinggi tanaman rendah sampai sedang, jumlah gabah isi banyak, bobot 1000 butir besar dan umur panen genjah. Galur-galur terpilih dapat diuji di lokasi lainnya, diuji kualitas dan ketahanannya terhadap hama penyakit.
       
      The need for functional rice increases over time. Effort that can be made to increase its productivity is through plant breeding. Conventional breeding takes a long time, while breeding through anther culture can shorten the time. This study aimed at obtaining doubled-haploid lines of black rice with productivity similar or better than check varieties. The experiment was conducted in Kepung Subdistrict, Kediri, East Java in September 2020 - March 2021. The experiment used a one factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The lines were 14 with two check varieties namely Aek Sibundong and Jeliteng. The results showed that there were 8 lines had productivity equivalent to Aek Sibundong Variety, 6 lines had productivity equivalent to Jeliteng Variety and 3 lines had higher productivity than the two check varieties. Of the 14 lines tested, 9 lines produced brown rice color and 5 lines produced black purple rice color. The rice lines had superior characters with a small-number of tillers, low to medium height, many filled grain, large grains and the harvest age of early to medium. Selected lines can be tested at other locations, also for qualities and resistance to pests and diseases.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107301
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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