Analisis Habitat Kulim (Scorodocarpus borneensis Becc.) di Zona Inti dan Zona Rimba Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo, Provinsi Riau

Abstract

Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo ditetapkan sebagai kawasan pelestarian alam berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan RI Nomor SK.6588/Menhut-VII/KUH/2014, dengan luas 81.793 ha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi habitat Kulim (S. borneensis) meliputi komponen biotik dan abiotik. Habitat kulim berada di tanah lempung berpasir dan pasir berlempung yang berwarna cokelat kekuningan dengan kadar air rata-rata 28,19 dan pH 4,25 (asam). Komponen habitat kulim di Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo Riau meliputi kisaran ketinggian 40 mdpl - 118 mdpl, topografi agak landai hingga terjal, suhu rata-rata 27,31 ˚C, kelembaban 86,92 % dan intensitas cahaya berkisar 208,75 – 2.960,25 Lux. Dominansi vegetasi di sekitar kulim oleh vegetasi semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon adalah jenis Kelat merah (Syzygium claviflorum) dengan INP 34,425%; 15,986%; 22,382%; dan 29,741%. Pohon kulim di kawasan Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo memiliki indeks kekayaan yang tergolong tinggi dan indeks keanekaragaman tergolong sedang hingga tinggi. Jenis yang terdapat dalam komunitas tumbuhan di habitat kulim tersebar merata.

Tesso Nilo National Park is a nature conservation area based on the Decree of the Minister of Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia SK. Number 6588 / Menhut-VII / KUH / 2014, with an area of 81.793 ha. This study aims to identify the habitat of Kulim (S. borneensis) including biotic and abiotic components. The habitat of kulim is in sandy loam soils and loamy sand which is yellowish brown with an average water content of 28.19 and a pH of 4.25 (acid). The abiotic component of the culm in Tesso Nilo National Park includes an altitude range of 40 masl - 118 masl, a slightly sloping to steep topography, an average temperature of 27.31˚C, a humidity of 86.92% and a light intensity ranging from 208.75 to 2 960.25 Lux. The dominance of the vegetation around the culms by the vegetation of seedlings, saplings, poles and trees was the type of red chelate (Syzygium claviflorum) with an IVI value of 34.425; 15.986; 22.382; and 29.741. Kulim tree in the Tesso Nilo National Park area has a relatively high wealth index and a moderate to high diversity index. The species found in the plant community in the kulim habitat are evenly distributed.