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      Dampak Non Tariff Measures (NTMs) Terhadap Ekspor Biofarmaka Indonesia Ke Negara Tujuan Ekspor

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Zuhair, Rahmat
      Hakim, Dedi Budiman
      Ahmad, Fahmi Salam
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      Abstract
      Biofarmaka merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian Indonesia yang memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Namun, dari tahun 2012-2019 terjadi fluktuasi besaran kontribusi tersebut dari sisi ekspor. Salah satu faktor utama yang diduga sebagai penyebab fluktuasi tersebut adalah diberlakukannya kebijakan non tarif berupa NTMs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja ekspor dan dampak pemberlakuan NTM terhadap ekspor biofarmaka Indonesia ke negara tujuan ekspor dengan periode penelitian 2012-2019. Cakupan penelitian meliputi 8 negara tujuan ekspor utama biofarmaka Indonesia yaitu India, Malaysia, Singapura, Jepang, Vietnam, Korea Selatan, Uni Arab Emirat (UAE), dan Hongkong. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif melalui pendekatan inventory (coverage ratio) dan model gravity. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan GDP riil negara pengekspor, GDP riil negara pengimpor, Jarak ekonomi dan nilai tukar riil, SPS dan TBT merupakan variabel yang mempunyai pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai ekspor biofarmaka Indonesia. Variabel coverage ratio TBT menunjukkan nilai koefisien positif sedangkan coverage ratio SPS menunjukkan nilai negatif.
       
      Biopharma is one of Indonesia's agricultural commodities that has made a positive contribution to the Indonesian economy. However, from 2012-2019 there was a fluctuation in the size of the contribution from the export side. One of the main factors suspected as the cause of the fluctuation was the imposition of a non-tariff policy in the form of NTMs. This study aims to analyze the export performance and the impact of the application of NTM on Indonesia's biopharmaceutical exports to export destination countries in the 2012- 2019 research period. The research scope covers 8 main export destination countries for Indonesian biopharma, namely India, Malaysia, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, South Korea, United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Hong Kong. The method used is descriptive analysis through the inventory approach (coverage ratio) and the gravity model. The estimation results show the real GDP of the exporting country, the real GDP of the importing country, the population of the exporting country, the population of the importing country, the economic distance and the real exchange rate, SPS and TBT are variables that have a real effect on the export value of Indonesian biopharma. The TBT coverage ratio variable shows a positive coefficient value while the SPS coverage ratio shows a negative value.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107107
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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