Karakteristik Kokon Ngengat Sutera Samia cynthia ricini (Biosduval) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) dengan Pemberian Pakan Berbeda
Abstract
Samia cynthia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) adalah serangga penghasil
sutera yang telah dibudidayakan di berbagai daerah. Ulat sutera S. c. ricini
termasuk spesies polifagus yang menggunakan beberapa spesies tanaman sebagai
pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan durasi tiap fase perkembangan yang
dibutuhkan masing-masing fase pradewasa, melakukan karakterisasi kokon dan
menguji kualitas serat S. c. ricini dengan pemberian pakan berbeda, yaitu jarak
kepyar (Ricinus communis), singkong karet (Manihot glaziovii), dan pepaya
jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius). Pemeliharaan larva mulai instar I sampai V.
Kokon diamati warna dan diukur bobot, panjang dan diameternya. Kekuatan tarik
dari serat tunggal diukur menggunakan alat UTM (Universal Tasting Machine)
dan diameter serat diukur menggunakan mikroskop digital Dino-Lite. Daun
tanaman pakan larva S. c. ricini dianalisis dengan uji proksimat. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan durasi yang dibutuhkan larva S. c. ricini lebih cepat pada pemberian
pakan daun jarak kepyar dibandingkan singkong karet dan pepaya jepang.
Karakter kokon S. c. ricini pada pemberian pakan daun jarak kepyar mempunyai
bobot dan diameter lebih besar dibandingkan pakan singkong karet. Nilai
kekuatan tarik dan regangan serat sutera S. c. ricini lebih tinggi pada pakan daun
singkong karet. Samia cynthia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a silk cocoonproducing insect that has been domesticated in various regions. The silkworm S.
c.ricini is a polyphagous species that can use several plant species as food. The
purpose of this study were to determine the duration of each pre-adult phase, to
characterize of the cocoon, and to measure the tensile of the fibers of S. c. ricini
fed by different plants species, namely castor (Ricinus communis), cassava
(Manihot glaziovii), and spinach (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius). The larvae (1st
-5
th
instars) were fed by leaves of each plant. Color of cocoons were observed and
weight, length and diameter were measured. The tensile strength of a single fiber
was measured using a UTM (Universal Tasting Machine) and the diameter of a
single fiber was measured using a Dino-Lite digital microscope. Leaves as feed of
S. c. ricini larvae were analyzed by proximate analysis. The results showed that
giving of castor leaves result the best growth performance of S. c. ricini larvae and
the larvae develope to pupae. The weight and diameter of cocoons fed by castor
leaves were greater than that of cassava leaves. The tensile strength and diameter
of single fibers of S. c. ricini fed by cassava leave was higher than that of castor.
Collections
- UT - Biology [2067]