Morfologi dan Morfometri Parasitoid Ganjur Alang-Alang Asal Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Date
2021Author
Simamora, Kiki Fajrina
Maryana, Nina
Hidayat, Purnama
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Imperata cylindrica is a species of grass that can be found in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The spread and colonization capacity of cogongrass has caused economic and ecological losses. The cogongrass gall midges, Orseolia javanica (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is reported and having potential as a biological agent that is known to specifically attack cogongrass. Information regarding the parasitoids O. javanica is not widely known. The parasitoids can cause population decline, thereby reducing the effectiveness of attacks O. javanica in controlling the spread of cogongrass. This study aimed to describe the morphological and morphometric characters of the cogongrass gall midges parasitoids, and its parasitization level.
This research was conducted from July 2018 to June 2019. The gall cogongrass was collected from bunds bordering rice fields in Cianjur District, West Java. The research was consist of several stages started from rearing the gall cogongrass, morphometric measurements, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo. Rearing and morphometric measurements was conducted at the Insect Biosystematics Laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. Morphometric measuring its body parts were carried out using the compound microscope model LEICA M205 C. The measured morphometric characters included body length, head length and width, antena length, mesosoma and metasoma length and width, front wing length and width, and others. The SEM photo was taken at the Zoological Biology Research Center, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Cibinong District, Bogor Regency, West Java. Specimen photograph were teken using SEM JEOL JSM-IT 200.
Three species of parasitoids were found in cogongrass gall midges, i.e. Platygaster orseoliae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Aprostocetus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and Propicroscytus mirificus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). The results of morphometric measurements showed the body length of females P. orseoliae was 0.65–0.98 mm, and male was 0.69–1.07 mm. Aprostocetus sp. showed a female body length was 1.51–2.02 mm, and a male was 1.13–1.29 mm. P. mirificus showed a female body length was 4.14–4.46 mm. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) of the parasitoids cogongrass gall midge P. orseoliae did not have any differences between male and female, Aprotocetus sp. females have a larger body size than males, and P. mirificus has the largest body size compared to other parasitoids. Cogongrass gall midges obtained from the field showed 28.40% were parasitized. The highest parasitization level of cogongrass gall midges was caused by P. orseoliae (21.89%), and the lowest was P. mirificus (2.37%).The average of parasitoid per host on P. orseoliae was 61 individuals, Aprostocetus sp. 9 individuals, and P. mirificus 1 individual. The female sex ratio on P. orseoliae was 89.84%, Aprostocetus sp. 79.36%, and P. mirificus 75.00%.
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- MT - Agriculture [3772]