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      Studi Fenologi Pembungaan pada Tiga Genotipe Hotong [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.]

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      Date
      2021-04-08
      Author
      Almujahidah, Sofiyah
      Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
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      Abstract
      Hotong [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv) merupakan tanaman gramineae yang bergizi tinggi dan relatif toleran terhadap berbagai cekaman abiotik sehingga potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber pangan fungsional. Tahap awal pengembangan varietas melalui pendekatan hibridisasi pada hotong adalah dengan memahami kapan waktu emaskulasi yang tepat, sehingga perlu dipelajari fenologi pembungaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai fenologi pembungaan tiga genotipe hotong. Percobaan disusun berdasarkan rancangan split-plot untuk pengukuran antar waktu (genotipe sebagai plot utama dan hari pengamatan sebagai subplot) dengan unit percobaan berupa dua sampel floret per tanaman per hari yang diulang tiga kali. Tiga genotipe hotong, Yaitu Sane Leo Negeko, Wete Negeko, dan Toraja ditanam di kebun percobaan Cikabayan (240 m dpl) pada Juli-September 2019. Terdapat tiga stadia floret, yaitu stadia floret kecil, stadia floret besar, dan stadia floret anthesis. Stadia floret pada genotipe Sane Leo Negeko dan Wete Negeko dibagi menjadi tiga periode, yaitu stadia floret kecil pada 1-2 hari setelah muncul malai (HSMM), stadia floret besar pada 3-5 HSMM, dan stadia floret anthesis pada 6 HSMM. Genotipe Toraja memiliki periode stadia floret yang sedikit berbeda dengan dua genotipe lainya, yaitu stadia floret kecil pada 1-3 HSMM, stadia floret besar pada 4-5 HSMM, dan stadia floret anthesis pada 6 HSMM. Stadia floret kecil memiliki ukuran lebar floret kurang dari 0,56 mm dan diferensiasi bagian-bagian organ reproduksi belum semuanya terlihat jelas. Stadia floret besar dengan ukuran lebar floret lebih dari 0,65 mm telah memiliki bagian- bagian organ reproduksi yang terlihat jelas dan dapat dibedakan. Stadia floret anthesis terjadi ketika anther membuka dan mengeluarkan polen. Fenologi perkembangan organ reproduksi dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu stadia organ reproduksi muda (1-3 HSMM), stadia organ reproduksi berkembang (4-5 HSMM), dan stadia organ reproduksi dewasa (6 HSMM). Perkembangan polen juga dibagi tiga stadia perkembangan, yaitu stadia vacuolate pollen grain (4 HSMM), stadia polen dengan starch accumulation (5 HSMM pagi), dan stadia mature pollen grain (5 HSMM sore dan 6 HSMM).
       
      Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv) is a highly nutritious gramineae plant and is relatively tolerant to various abiotic stresses so that it has the potential to be developed as functional food. The initial stage of variety development by hybridization in self-pollinating plant such as foxtail millet is knowing the correct time to do emasculation. Thus, it is necessary to study the flower phenology of foxtail millet. The objective of this study was to obtain information about the flowering phenology of three hotong genotypes. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design for measurement between times (genotype as the main plot and observation days as a subplot) with the experimental unit in the form of two floret samples per plant per day which was repeated three times. Three hotong genotypes, namely Sane Leo Negeko, Wete Negeko, and Toraja were planted in the Cikabayan experimental garden (240 m asl) in July-September 2019. There are three floret stages, namely small floret stage, large floret stage, and floret anthesis stage. Floret stages in Sane Leo Negeko and Wete Negeko genotypes were divided into three periods, namely small floret stage at 1-2 days after panicle emergence (DAPE), large floret stage at 3-5 DAPE, and floret anthesis stage at 6 DAPE. The Toraja genotype has a slightly different floret stage period from the other two genotypes, namely small floret stage at 1-3 DAPE, large floret stage at 4-5 DAPE, and floret anthesis stage at 6 DAPE. The small florets are less than 0.56 mm wide and the differentiation of the reproductive organs parts was not entirely clear. The large floret had a floret width of more than 0.65 mm and showed clearl and distinguishable parts of the reproductive organs. The stage of floret anthesis occured when the anther breaks and releases pollen. Reproductive organs developments were divided into three, namely young reproductive organs (1-3 DAPE), developing reproductive organs (4-5 DAPE), and mature reproductive organs (6 DAPE). Pollen development was also divided into three development stages, namely vacuolate pollen grain stage (4 DAPE), pollen starch accumulation stage (5 DAPE, morning), and mature pollen stage (5 DAPE afternoon-6 DAPE).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/106526
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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