Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Molekuler Isolat Lapang Virus Newcastle Disease Tahun 2019 Asal Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the Newcastle disease (ND) endemic countries in the world. The ND virus outbreak was firstly reported in 1926 and spread on all over the countries. ND virus infection is one of the main concerns in the poultry industry because it causes huge losses with a mortality rate up to 100%. This study was aimed to detect, isolate, and characterize ND virus isolated from poultry farms in South Sulawesi Province by molecular approach. The research samples were collected from broiler chickens, laying hens chickens, and ducks in commercial poultry flocks in Barru district, Sidrap district, Pangkajene Kepulauan district, Soppeng district, Pinrang district, and Maros district, in South Sulawesi province. The samples were proventriculus and spleen tissues, cloacal swab, and tracheal swab. Pooled samples from 36 ND suspected were inoculated into 9-11 days old embryonated chicken eggs specific antibody negative (TAB SAN) with three replication per pooling sample, continued with RT-PCR test used 535_f primer dan 535_r primer, and sequencing. The result showed that 18 of 36 pooling samples were ND virus positive based on the isolation result and RT-PCR. Nucleotide sequencing result showed that 10 isolates have a motif 112R-R-Q-K-R-F117 on the cleavage site region, indicating that the isolates were virulent strain of ND virus. The phylogenic analysis based on the nucleotide sequence of F gene indicated that all isolates obtained were belong to ND virus genotype/subgenotype VIIi. This study result is expected to be useful in providing the latest characteristic information of ND virus in South Sulawesi Province for determination of the virus vaccine for control strategies of Newcastle disease.