Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kayu Teras Pelawan (Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff.)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kadar ekstraktif dan aktivitas antioksidan fraksi hasil fraksinasi ekstrak aseton kayu teras pelawan (Tristaniopsis merguensis) serta analisis kimia fraksi terbaik berdasarkan antioksidannya. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan secara in vitro dengan metode DPPH. Analisis kimia menggunakan Py-GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar ekstrak aseton 1,99% yang terdiri dari fraksi n-heksan (FN), etil eter (FEE), etil asetat (FEA), dan residu (FR) dengan kadar ekstrak berturut-turut 0,21%; 0,49%; 0,17%; dan 1,12%. Aktivitas antioksidan FR relatif sama dengan FEA dan lebih tinggi dari FEE dan FN karena persentase inhibisi FR, FEA, FEE, dan FN pada konsentrasi ekstrak 50 ppm yaitu 86,15%; 84,59%; 59,54%; dan 8,87%. Hasil analisis Py-GC-MS menunjukkan FR dan FEA mengandung 9 dan 40 senyawa dengan konsentrasi relatif (KR) tertinggi 2-Cyclopenten-1-one pada FR (43,02%) dan dioctyl phthalate pada FEA (17,8%). Senyawa yang berdasarkan penelusuran pustaka memiliki aktivitas antioksidan adalah phenol, guaiacol, 2,6-dimethoxhyphenol dan 1,4-di-tert-butoxybenzene dengan KR berturut-turut 2,79%, 5,46%, 5,84% dan 25,72% di dalam FR dan guaiacol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, acetovanillone dan bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate dengan KR berturut-turut 3,61%, 7,17%, 3,57% dan 2,34% di dalam FEA.

This research aims to determine the extract content, the antioxidant activity of fractions from fractionation of the acetone extract of pelawan (Tristaniopsis merguensis) heartwood, and analyze the chemical compounds from the most active fraction based on its antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was tested using in vitro DPPH method. The chemical analysis was done using Py-GC-MS. The result showed that the extract content of pelawan heartwood has 1,99%, consist of nhexane (FN), ethyl ether (FEE), ethyl acetate (FEA), and residue fraction (FR) with extract contents of 0,21%; 0, 49%; 0,17%; and 1,12%. Antioxidant activity of FR is relatively the same with FEA, and was higher than FEE and FN with their %inhibition at 50 ppm concentration were 86,15%; 84,59%; 59,54%; and 8,87%. Py-GC-MS showed that FR and FEA have 9 and 40 compounds which the highest relative concentration (KR) are 2-cyclopenten-1-one in FR (43,02%) and dioctyl phthalate in FEA (17,8%). Based on literature, compounds that has antioxidant activity are phenol, guaiacol, 2,6-dimethoxhyphenol and 1,4-di-tertbutoxybenzene with KR of 2,79%, 5,46%, 5,84% and 25,72% in FR and guaiacol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, acetovanillone and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate with KR of 3,61%, 7,17%, 3,57% and 2,34% in FEA