Analisis dan Strategi Pengembangan Pertanian Hortikultura Buah Nanas Berbasis Pemberdayaan Pemuda Desa
Date
2021-01Author
Casdimin, Casdimin
Sjaf, Sofyan
Kolopaking, Lala M.
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Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) Is one of Indonesia's leading agricultural commodities. West Java ranks the third largest pineapple producer in Indonesia, where 92% or approximately 130,956 tonnes of its production comes from Subang Regency. Pineapple production in Subang Regency in 2019 reached 187,448.2 tons. The largest pineapple centers in Subang Regency are concentrated in Jalancagak, Ciater and Cijambe Districts where the total production reaches 98% of the total pineapple production in Subang Regency.
Besides having great potential, it turns out that pineapple corm farming still faces many problems. Among the issues that are considered very important are related to the decline in production and productivity of pineapple corms. In 2017 pineapple production in Subang Regency reached 238,647.9 tons but in 2018 the production decreased to only 187,448.2 tons or decreased by 23%.
This study aims to formulate a pineapple fruit horticultural development strategy based on empowering village youth. The research location is in Cirangkong Village, Subang Regency. This research was conducted in October 2019-September 2020. The subjects of this study consisted of respondents and informants. Data collection for program evaluation determined 30 pineapple farmer respondents participating in the Dompet Dhuafa program. Collecting data for a survey of rural youth perceptions of agriculture took a sample of 50 village youths. The informants used in this study consisted of pineapple farmer / farmer figures, community leaders, village youth leaders, village officials and assistants of Dompet Dhuafa.
The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were collected through surveys, observations, in-depth interviews and group discussions. Meanwhile, secondary data were collected from documents relevant to this research. Techniques in the formulation of strategies and action programs in this study use the Logical Framework Approach (LFA) method, which is an analytical process as well as a set of tools to assist in planning and project management oriented towards goals.
The results of the program performance index assessment in the case of the pineapple farmer mentoring program carried out by Dompet Dhuafa received a score of 63.26 or an achievement level of 63.29%, this index value is included in the "Developing Program" category. Based on the survey results, the involvement of rural youth in the development of pineapple agriculture is still weak, this is indicated by the data that 78% of rural youth do not work in the agricultural sector, especially pineapple. What is quite interesting about this research is, although most of the rural youth do not work in agriculture, 90% of them still want to live in the village and 72% have a strong desire to be able to work in pineapple farming.
Based on the results of stakeholder identification analysis, actors included in the main stakeholder category are Pineapple Farmers, Bandar Nanas, Association of Farmers Groups (Gapoktan), Bandar Nanas, Pineapple Farmer Association and Young Pineapple Farmers. Meanwhile, actors included in the category of supporting stakeholders are the Cijambe District Government, the Cijambe Agriculture Service / PPL, the Cirangkong Village Government, LPMD, BPD, Dompet Dhuafa, Bumdes Aulia Jaya, PT Morelli Makmur and PT Pachira.
Results Identification of pineapple farming problems in Cirangkong Village can be grouped into aspects of agricultural cultivation, human resources, farmer institutions, post-harvest handling and marketing. The problems that have been explored include: decreased pineapple productivity levels, the cultivation process is not yet intensive, pineapple age is old, the capacity of farmers' human resources is still weak, capital is still limited, fluctuating prices, disruption of regeneration in pineapple farming, institutions weak farmers, there is still no pineapple processing industry, and the reach of farmers' markets is still limited.
The results of this study have formulated seven (7) alternative program objectives, namely: (1) Adequacy of capital for pineapple farming activities, (2) Increased skills of farmers in managing intensive pineapple cultivation, (3) Availability of affordable superior pineapple seeds, (4) ) Achieving regeneration of pineapple farmers, (5) Establishing pineapple processing industries, (6) Strengthening pineapple farmer institutions and (7) Widen the network of pineapple alternative markets.
Based on the formulation of alternative program objectives, this study has provided an assessment to determine the priority of program strategies, with the results: 1. Empowerment strategies for young pineapple farmers (score: 15), 2. Strategies for strengthening farmer institutions (score: 13), 3. Strategies for strengthening the pineapple market (12), 4. Strategies for establishing pineapple processing industries (Score: 11), 5. Strategies for strengthening farmer capacity (Score: 10), 6. Strategies for access to capital for pineapple farmers (Score: 9) and 7 Strategy for supplying superior pineapple seeds (Score: 7). Technically, the program strategy formulation has been outlined in the form of a Logical Framework Matrix (LFM).
To strengthen the implementation of program strategies that have been formulated, collaboration with various parties is important. In terms of regulations, government support related to the development of pineapple horticultural agriculture has been contained in the RTRW, RPJMD and Renstra policies of the Subang Regency Agriculture Office. Likewise at the village level, Law no. 6/2014 concerning the Village can be an important instrument to encourage the village government of Cirangkong to implement this strategy formulation. Even with the issuance of Permendesa, PDTT No. 13 of 2020 concerning the Priority for the Use of Village Funds in 2021 which focuses on achieving the Village SDGs target, so this design should be implemented more quickly in the village program in 2021 through Village Fund support.
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- MT - Human Ecology [2236]