Perlakuan Hidrasi Dehidrasi Terhadap Vigor Benih Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc)
Abstract
Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kacang
bambara antara lain adalah menjamin ketersediaan benih bermutu, namun terdapat
kendala dalam penyediannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh
hidrasi-dehidrasi sebagai perlakuan invigorasi terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih
kacang bambara (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada
bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2019 di Laboratorium Pengujian Benih, Departemen
Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Percobaan dirancang
menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor. Percoban
dilakukan pada lanras Tasikmalaya. Faktor pertama adalah lot benih dipanen
Maret 2019, lot benih dipanen Oktober 2017. Faktor kedua adalah perlakuan
hidrasi-dehidrasi yang terdiri atas 5 taraf, yaitu kontrol, (perendaman dalam air
selama 12 jam lalu dikeringkan 4 jam) pada suhu 28 o C-30 o C, suhu 38 o C-40 o C,
suhu 28 o C-30 o C, suhu 38 o C-40 o C. Perlakuan hidrasi-dehidrasi mampu
meningkatkan vigor benih kacang bambara dengan peningkatan nilai indeks vigor
dari 15,9% menjadi 27% dan kecepatan tumbuh dari 9%etmal -1 menjadi
11%etmal -1. Effort that can be done to increase the productivity of bambara groundnuts
include ensuring the availability of quality seeds, but there are obstacles in the
process of providing the seeds. This research aims to study the effect of hydration-
dehydration as an invigoration treatment on vigor and viability of two lots of
bambara groundnut seeds (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.). This research was
conducted from June to August 2019 at Seed Testing and Storage Laboratory,
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University. The experiment was
designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The
experiment was conducted on the Tasikmalaya landraces. The first factor is the
seed lot, harvested in March 2019, harvested in October 2017. The second factor
is hydration-dehydration consisting of five levels, namely control, (soaking in
water for 12 hours and then dried for 4 hours) at temperature 28 o C-30 o C, at
temperature 38 o C-40 o C, at temperature 28 o C-30 o C, at temperature 38 o C-40 o C.
Hydration-dehydration treatment was able to increase seed vigor of bambara
groundnut seeds by increasing the vigor index value from 15.9 % to 27% and the
speed of germination from 9%etmal -1 to 11%etmal -1 .