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      Pengaruh Utang Pemerintah terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Negara Lower Middle Income

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      Date
      2021-01-22
      Author
      Rina, Farida Zulfa
      Sugema, Iman
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      Abstract
      Utang pemerintah negara-negara middle income cenderung meningkat, sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan total pembayaran utangnya cenderung menurun. Negara middle income dibagi menjadi dua, lower middle dan upper middle. Utang pemerintah negara-negara lower middle income cenderung meningkat lebih signifikan daripada upper middle income. Jika peningkatan utang tersebut terjadi secara terus menerus, dikhawatirkan akan muncul pengaruh negatif utang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode variabel instrumental untuk menganalisis pengaruh utang pemerintah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di 27 negara lower middle income dari tahun 2000 sampai 2018. Model estimasi yang terpilih adalah Random Effect Model yang menunjukkan bahwa utang pemerintah memiliki hubungan non-linear berbentuk kurva konkaf dan berpengaruh signifikanterhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Ketika utang pemerintah belum melebihi 51,7 persen maka dampaknya akan positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Lebih dari itu, dampaknya akan menjadi negatif. Variabel lain yang turut berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi adalah lag PDB per kapita, pertumbuhan populasi, dan pembentukan modal bruto. Sementara itu, variabel keterbukaan perdagangan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi pada taraf nyata 5 persen.
       
      Middle income countries' government debt tends to increase, while economic growth and total debt payments tend to decline. Middle income countries are divided into two, lower middle and upper middle. The government debt of lower middle income countries tends to increase more significantly than the upper middle income. If the increase in debt occurs continuously, it is feared that the negative impact of debt will emerge. This study uses the instrumental variable method to analyze the effect of government debt on economic growth in 27 lower middle income countries from 2000 to 2018. The estimation model chosen is the Random Effect Model which shows that government debt has a non-linear relationship in the form of a concave curve and has a significant effect on economic growth. When the government debt does not exceed 51,7 percent, the impact will be positive on economic growth. More than that, the impact will be negative. Other variables that also affect economic growth are lag of GDP per capita, population growth, and gross capital formation. Meanwhile, the trade openness variable has no significant effect on economic growth at the 5 percent real level.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105423
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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