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      Isolasi dan Identifikasi Mikoriza Anggrek Tanah dan Anggrek Epifit

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Nugraha, Naufal Hafizh
      Sukarno, Nampiah
      Mursidawati, Sofi
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      Abstract
      Anggrek bersimbiosis secara obligat dengan cendawan mikoriza setempat pada sebagian atau seluruh fase hidupnya. Penelitian mikoriza anggrek di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi cendawan mikoriza yang diisolasi dari anggrek Calanthe triplicata, Phaius tankervilleae, Cymbidium finlaysonianum, dan Vanda tricolor. Metode penelitian meliputi isolasi cendawan dari akar anggrek bermikoriza, identifikasi isolat cendawan mikoriza anggrek secara morfologi dan molekuler. Identifikasi morfologi menggunakan karakteristik koloni, hifa, dan spora. Identifikasi molekuler menggunakan sekuen DNA daerah Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA, analisis BLAST dan pohon filogenetik. Empat spesies anggrek yang diteliti membentuk struktur kolonisasi cendawan mikoriza berupa peloton di dalam jaringan korteks akarnya. Peloton membentuk sel monilioid kecuali pada akar V. tricolor. Sembilan isolat cendawan berhasil diisolasi dari empat spesies anggrek. Enam dari sembilan isolat berhasil diidentifikasi secara morfologi sebagai Fusarium spp. (C5, P44, CF34, CF4, V2) dan Pestalotiopsis sp. (CF2). Tiga isolat yaitu P8, C3, dan CF1 belum berhasil diidentifikasi secara morfologi karena tidak membentuk konidia. Dua dari sembilan isolat cendawan berhasil diidentifikasi secara molekuler yaitu isolat C3 (dari C. triplicata) sebagai Roussoella intermedia, dan isolat CF34 (dari C. finlaysonianum) sebagai Neocosmospora rubicola. Pada uji perkecambahan, hanya biji V. tricolor yang berkecambah. Biji membentuk struktur menyerupai akar, namun berbeda karakteristik dengan perkecambahan biji pada umumnya.
       
      Orchid have an obligate symbiosis with local mycorrhizal fungi in some or even all phases of its life. Research on mycorrhizal orchids in Indonesia is still very limited.. This study aimed to isolate and identify mycorrhizal fungi isolated from orchids Calanthe triplicata, Phaius tankervilleae, Cymbidium finlaysonianum, and Vanda tricolor. The research methods included isolation of fungi from mycorrhizal orchid roots, identification of orchid mycorrhizal fungi isolates morpholigacally and molecularly. Morphological identification using the characteristics of colony, hypha, and spore. Molecular identification using DNA sequences of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA regions, BLAST and phylogenetic tree analyses. The four species of orchid studied formed a mycorrhizal fungal colonization structure in the form of peloton in their root cortex tissue. Peloton forms monilioid cells except at the root of V. tricolor. Nine fungal isolates were isolated from four orchid species. Six of the nine isolates were identified morphologically as Fusarium spp. (C5, P44, CF34, CF4, V2) and Pestalotiopsis sp. (CF2). Three isolates, namely P8, C3, and CF1 have not been successfully identified morphologically due to lack of conidia observed. Two out of the nine fungal isolates were identified molecularly, as Roussoella intermedia for C3 isolate (from C. triplicata), and Neocosmospora rubicola for isolate CF34 (from C. finlaysonianum). In the germination test, only V. tricolor seeds germinated. The seeds form a root-like structure, but differ in characteristics.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105401
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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