Efikasi Nematoda Entomopatogen Heterorhabditis sp. dan Steinernema sp. Isolat Bogor Sebagai Bioinsektisida Terhadap Rayap Tanah Coptothermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae)

Abstract

The subterranean termite, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) is the most important wood destroying termites in many regions in Indonesia. Their infestation on buildings, agricultural crops, and forest trees has caused significant economic loses. Meanwhile termite control technology still depend on termiticide application, which cause negative effect to environment. On the other hand, entomopathogenic nematodes is one of agents potential bio-control in controlling subterranean termites without negative effect to environment. A research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis sp and Steinernema sp as a biological control agents against subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren in field test. Procedures of the research included the rearing of the entomopathogenic nematodes, both in-vivo and in-vitro, the evaluation of the nematodes toxicity against subterranean termites (LC50 and LT50) and field evaluation of entomopahogenic nematodes against subterranean termite at field. The mortality of termites was analysis with Completed Randomized Design and Tukey's Test. The effective deusity 600 IJ/ml of entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis sp and Steinernema sp caused 100% mortality of subterranean termites C. curvignathus. The LC50 value for the population of subterranean termites C. curvignathus for Steinernema sp was 322 IJ/ml and Heterorhabditis sp was 355 IJ/ml. The LT50 value for the population of subterranean termites C. curvignathus was 33,94 hours for Steinernema sp and was 34,90 hours Heterorhabditis sp. For the efficacy test, the mortality value of subterranean termites C. curvignathus caused by Steinernema sp and Heterorhabditis sp were 90,23 % and 85,65 % respectively. In field testing the mortality value of subterranean termites C. curvignathus caused by Steinernema sp and Heterorhabditis sp were 79,51 % and 94,40 % respectively. It is conclued that Steinernema sp and Heterorhabditis sp can be used as biological control against C. curvignathus.