Pengaruh Taraf Naungan dan Pemangkasan Tanaman Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) terhadap Pertambahan Jumlah Cabang Baru (B0)

Abstract

Produktivitas kopi Robusta di Kebun Malangsari fluktuatif dalam lima tahun terakhir, produktivitas dipengaruhi oleh jumlah cabang produksi. Pemeliharaan cabang melalui pemangkasan dan pengaturan naungan penting untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan menciptakan kondisi optimal bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh taraf naungan dan pemangkasan terhadap jumlah cabang baru (B0). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 2 bulan mulai bulan Oktober 2023 sampai Desember 2023 di PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII Kebun Malangsari, Banyuwangi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan petak terpisah (Split plot Design) dengan 2 faktor perlakuan. Taraf naungan ditempatkan sebagai petak utama terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu naungan tinggi 1200 pohon/ha (N1), naungan sedang 800 pohon/ha (N2), dan naungan rendah 400 pohon/ha (N3). Pemangkasan ditempatkan sebagai anak petak, terdiri atas 2 taraf, yaitu tidak dipangkas (P1) dan dipangkas wiwil halus dan wiwil kasar (P2). Perlakuan taraf naungan dan pemangkasan berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan cabang baru. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, perlakuan taraf naungan sedang (800 pohon/ha) dan dipangkas menghasilkan cabang baru paling banyak.

Robusta coffee productivity at Malangsari plantation has fluctuated in the last five years, productivity is influenced by the number of production branches. Branch maintenance through pruning and shade management is important to enhance vegetative growth and create optimal conditions for plants. The objective of this study is to find out the shade levels and pruning on the number of new branches. This research was conducted for 2 months from October 2023 to December 2023 at PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII, Malangsari plantation, Banyuwangi. Split plot design with two factors of treatments was used in this experiment. Shade level was placed as the main plot. It consisted of 3 standard shade levels, those three levels were high shade of 1200 trees/ha (N1), medium shade of 800 trees/ha (N2), and low shade of 400 trees/ha (N3). Pruning was placed as a subplot. It consisted of two levels, those two levels were not pruned (P1) and pruned (P2). The treatment of shade level and pruning affected the growth of new branches. The conclusion of this study was that the treatment of medium shade level (800 trees/ha) and pruning produced the most new branches.