Hubungan Kebiasaan Makan dan Kualitas Diet dengan Konsentrasi Belajar Remaja di SMPN 2 Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Permasalahan gizi menyebabkan perkembangan otak kurang optimal, berdampak negatif pada fungsi kognitif, kemampuan belajar, konsentrasi dan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan kebiasaan makan dan kualitas diet dengan konsentrasi belajar remaja di SMPN 2 Cibungbulang. Desain penelitian ini cross sectional study melibatkan 35 siswa kelas VII, dilaksanakan pada Februari-Mei 2024. Data asupan didapatkan melalui food recall 2x24 jam, kualitas diet diukur menggunakan Diet Quality Index for Adolescent (DQI-A), konsentrasi belajar menggunakan Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Hampir setengah subjek (42,9%) memiliki kebiasaan sarapan 5-7 kali/minggu. Kontribusi energi, protein dan lemak sarapan tergolong cukup, sedangkan karbohidrat kurang. Subjek memiliki kebiasaan makan 3 kali sehari dengan tingkat kecukupan energi, protein dan karbohidrat tergolong defisit, sedangkan lemak tergolong lebih dari rekomendasi. Sekitar tiga perempat subjek (77,1%) memiliki status gizi (IMT/U) baik. Rata-rata skor DQI-A subjek sebesar 36,41% ± 4,35% dan tergolong rendah. Rata-rata skor DSST 37,69 ± 9,37 dan tergolong kurang baik. Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kebiasaan makan dengan kualitas diet, kualitas diet dengan status gizi dan konsentrasi belajar (p>0,05). Hubungan signifikan ditemukan antara kontribusi energi, lemak dan karbohidrat sarapan serta tingkat kecukupan protein dengan konsentrasi belajar (p<0,05). Penelitian ini memberikan tambahan bukti pentingnya kebiasaan sarapan dan kualitas diet terhadap konsentrasi belajar.

Nutritional problems can lead to suboptimal brain development which negatively impact cognitive function, learning ability, concentration, and productivity. This study aims to analyze the relationship between eating habits and diet quality with adolescent learning concentration at SMPN 2 Cibungbulang. The research design was a cross-sectional study involved 35 students of class VII and conducted in February-May 2024. Food intake was obtained through 2x24 hour food recall, diet quality was measured using the Diet Quality Index for Adolescent (DQI-A) and learning concentration using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Almost half of the subjects (42.9%) had breakfast 5-7 times/week. The breakfast energy, protein and fat contribution was adequate, while the breakfast carbohydrates contribution was inadequate. Subjects had the habit of eating 3 times a day with adequacy level of energy, protein and carbohydrates classified as deficit, while fat was classified as over the recommedation. Around three quarters of subject (77,1%) had good nutritional status (IMT/U). The average DQI-A score was 36.41% ± 4.35% and classified as low. The average DSST score was 37.69 ± 9.37 and classified as poor. There was no significant relationship between eating habits and diet quality and diet quality with nutritional status and learning concentration (p>0.05). On the other hand, a significant relationship was found between the breakfast energy, fat and carbohydrates contribution and adequacy level of protein with learning concentration (p<0.05). This research enrich the evidence the importance of breakfast habits and diet quality on learning concentration.