http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/7461 Undergraduate Theses on Faculty of Agriculture Wed, 04 Nov 2026 15:40:10 GMT 2026-11-04T15:40:10Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180239 Tipologi Perkembangan Wilayah di Kawasan Metropolitan Kedungsepur, Jawa Tengah Simanjuntak, Dhita Virgina Kawasan Metropolitan Kedungsepur menunjukkan dinamika pembangunan yang tidak merata, ditandai oleh dominasi Kota Semarang sebagai pusat pertumbuhan dan kesenjangan yang persisten terhadap wilayah penyangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat perkembangan, laju pertumbuhan, dan ketimpangan wilayah per aspek maupun agregat, serta mengidentifikasi tipologi wilayah sebagai dasar arahan kebijakan pembangunan. Pendekatan yang digunakan meliputi analisis skalogram untuk menghasilkan Indeks Pembangunan Daerah (IPD), analisis laju pertumbuhan, ketimpangan melalui Indeks Theil entropy, serta klasterisasi K-means secara per aspek (sosial, ekonomi, lingkungan) dan agregat berbasis data Podes BPS 2018 dan 2024 pada 92 kecamatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan wilayah belum meningkat secara menyeluruh, ditandai oleh penurunan rata-rata IPD sosial, lingkungan, dan agregat, sedangkan ekonomi relatif stabil, dengan struktur wilayah core–periphery antara Kota Semarang, Salatiga dan wilayah timur kawasan. Laju pertumbuhan tertinggi ditemukan pada aspek ekonomi (0,16), sedangkan terendah pada aspek sosial ( -0,22) akibat pertambahan penduduk yang melampaui penambahan fasilitas, dengan penurunan terbesar terkonsentrasi pada kecamatan-kecamatan Kota Semarang. Ketimpangan antarkecamatan menunjukkan kecenderungan konvergensi (Indeks Theil agregat: 0,122 ? 0,089) dengan sumber ketimpangan yang semakin didominanasi komponen within-group (51,23% ? 55,67%), namun penurunan tersebut lebih disebabkan melemahnya kecamatan inti dibandingkan percepatan wilayah tertinggal. Klasterisasi K-means menghasilkan tiga tipologi wilayah yang persisten, diantaranya pusat pertumbuhan utama (urban), penyangga berkembang (peri-urban), dan pelayanan dasar/tertinggal (rural). Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan analisis wilayah yang terdiferensiasi per aspek maupun secara agregat sebagai landasan perencanaan pembangunan metropolitan yang berkeadilan dan berkelanjutan.; The Kedungsepur Metropolitan Area exhibits uneven development dynamics, marked by the dominance of Semarang City as the primary growth center and persistent disparities in the surrounding buffer regions. This study aims to analyze the level of regional development, growth rate, and regional inequality both per aspect and in aggregate, as well as to identify regional typologies as a basis for development policy direction. The approach employed includes scalogram analysis to generate the Regional Development Index (RDI), growth rate analysis, inequality analysis using the Theil entropy index, and K-means clustering performed both per aspect (social, economic, environmental) and in aggregate, based on Village Potential (Podes) data from the Statistics Indonesia (BPS) for 2018 and 2024 across 92 districts. The results show that regional development has not increased across all aspects, as indicated by a decline in the mean RDI for the social, environmental, and aggregate, while the economic aspect remained relatively stable, with a core-periphery structure formed among Semarang City, Salatiga City, and the eastern part of the region. The highest growth rate was found in the economic aspect (0.16), whereas the lowest was found in the social aspect (-0.22) because population growth outpaced the addition of facilities, with the largest declines concentrated in districts within Semarang City. Inter-district inequality in the Kedungsepur region shows a converging trend (aggregate Theil index: 0.122 ? 0.089), with inequality increasingly dominated by the within-group component (51.23% ? 55.67%); however, this decline was caused more by the weakening of core districts than by the acceleration of underdeveloped areas. K-means clustering produced three persistent regional typologies: the primary growth center (urban), the developing buffer zone (peri-urban), and the basic-service/underdeveloped zone (rural). These findings underscore the importance of a differentiated regional analysis approach both per aspect and in aggregate as a foundation for equitable and sustainable metropolitan development planning. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180239 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180227 Kekuatan Geser Tanah pada Berbagai Umur Tanaman Nanas ROMADHONA, VIDIA RAUDHATUNNISA Repeated plowing on Typic Plinthudults soil in large-scale pineapple plantations is presumed to affect soil shear strength, but studies across different plant ages remain limited. This study aimed to compare soil shear strength and sensitivity across pineapple plant ages and to examine their relationships with soil physical properties and organic carbon at depths of 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm. A crosssectional study approach was applied to plots representing seven pineapple plant age levels (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 months). Soil shear strength was measured using a vane shear test and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s post hoc test, and Pearson correlation. Plant age significantly affected undisturbed soil shear strength at both depths, and remoulded soil shear strength and soil sensitivity at 0–30 cm, but not at 30–60 cm. Soil sensitivity was classified as low and low to moderate. Soil shear strength correlated negatively with organic carbon and clay fraction at both depths, but positively with sand fraction at both depths. In intensively tilled land with deep plowing, soil shear strength is controlled more by natural compaction, root development, and friction between sand particles than by cohesion and organic matter. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180227 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180222 Hubungan Bahan Organik Tanah Terikat Klei dengan Kadar Klei pada Lahan Reklamasi Tambang Emas Martabe SANTANG, DIYAH RARA Tanah memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung ekosistem dan lingkungan berkelanjutan. Salah satu indikator kualitas tanah adalah kandungan bahan organik tanah (BOT). Tanah di lokasi tambang emas dapat mengalami degradasi lahan akibat proses penambangan yang intensif. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kadar klei, BOT terikat klei dan hubungan antara BOT terikat klei dengan kadar klei. Sampel tanah yang digunakan diambil secara komposit pada umur reklamasi 0- 4 tahun, 9-12 tahun dan 9-12 tahun dengan kedalaman 0-15 cm dan 15-30 cm di area lahan reklamasi tambang emas Martabe, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Sumatera Utara. Analisis tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Sumberdaya Fisik Lahan, Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian ini mengukur kadar klei, kadar BOT total dan BOT terikat klei, serta dilanjutkan dengan menganalisis hubungan BOT-klei dengan kadar klei menggunakan scatter plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar klei pada semua umur reklamasi dengan masing-masing kedalaman bervariasi dan BOT terikat klei cenderung meningkat seiring bertambahnya umur reklamasi. Namun, proporsi BOT terikat klei terhadap BOT total antar umur reklamasi dan kedalaman meningkat hingga umur 5-8 tahun lalu menurun pada umur 9-12 tahun, sedangkan proporsi BOT terikat klei terhadap kadar klei mengalami peningkatan seiring bertambahnya umur reklamasi dan stabil pada umur 9-12 tahun. Hubungan BOT-Klei dengan kadar klei di semua umur reklamasi ditunjukkan hanya 20%, sedangkan pada kedalaman 15-30 cm hanya 4% variasi BOT terikat klei dapat dijelaskan oleh kadar klei. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa hubungan BOT terikat klei dengan kadar klei hanya mampu menjelaskan sebagian kecil BOT terikat klei.; Soil plays an important role in supporting ecosystems and sustainable environments. One indicator of soil quality is the soil organic matter (SOM) content. Soil at gold mines can experience land degradation due to intensive mining processes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the clay content, clay-associated SOM, and the relationship between clay-associated SOM and clay content. The soil samples used were taken compositely at reclamation ages of 0-4 years, 5-8 years, and 9-12 years, with depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm in the Martabe gold mine reclamation area, South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra. Soil analysis was conducted at the Land Physical Resources Laboratory, Departement of Soil and Land Resources, Institut Pertanian Bogor. This study measured clay content, total SOM, and clay-associated SOM, followed by analyzing the relationship between clay-associated SOM and clay content using scatter plots. The results of the study indicate that clay content at all reclamation ages varied at each depth, and clay-associated SOM tended to increase with the age reclamation. However, the proportion of clay-associated SOM to total SOM across reclamation ages and depths increased up to 5-8 years of age and then decreased at 9-12 years of age, varies between reclamation ages and depths, whereas the proportion of clay-associated SOM to clay content increases with the age of reclamation and stabilizes at 9-12 years. This is influenced by the increasingly dense vegetation development. The relationship between clay-associated SOM and clay content at all reclamation ages is shown to be only 20%, while at a depth of 15-30 cm it is only 4% of the variation in clay- associated SOM can be explained by clay content. These results indicate that the relationship between clay-associated SOM and clay content can only explain a small portion of clay- associated SOM. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180222 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180220 Respons Kepekaan Larva Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) terhadap Insektisida Profenofos dan Analisis Aktivitas Asetilkolinesterase SA'ADILLAH Plutella xylostella (L.) merupakan hama utama tanaman kubis yang telah dilaporkan resisten terhadap berbagai golongan insektisida, termasuk organofosfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui respons kepekaan P. xylostella terhadap profenofos dan mengevaluasi aktivitas enzim asetilkolinesterase (AChE). Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisiologi dan Toksikologi Serangga, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Institut Pertanian Bogor, menggunakan populasi laboratorium dan populasi lapangan dari Desa Sindangjaya, Batulawang, dan Palasari, Kecamatan Cipanas, Kabupaten Cianjur. Informasi penggunaan insektisida diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap 25 petani. Respons kepekaan diuji dengan metode celup daun (leaf dipping), sedangkan aktivitas AChE dianalisis menggunakan metode Ellman yang dimodifikasi. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa 56% petani melakukan penyemprotan dua kali seminggu dan 68% menggunakan insektisida organofosfat dengan profenofos sebagai bahan aktif yang paling banyak digunakan. Mortalitas larva populasi laboratorium hanya mencapai 33,3% pada konsentrasi 12.000 ppm bahan aktif (16 kali konsentrasi anjuran), sedangkan pengujian pada konsentrasi lebih tinggi tidak dapat dilakukan karena menyebabkan fitotoksisitas pada daun uji. Aktivitas AChE pada seluruh populasi lapangan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan populasi laboratorium. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan aktivitas AChE berkontribusi pada resistensi P. xylostella terhadap profenofos.; Plutella xylostella (L.) is a major pest of cabbage and has been reported to be resistant to various classes of insecticides, including organophosphates. This study aimed to determine the susceptibility of P. xylostella to profenofos and evaluate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Insect Physiology and Toxicology, Department of Plant Protection, IPB University, using a laboratory population and field populations collected from Sindangjaya, Batulawang, and Palasari Villages, Cipanas District, Cianjur Regency. Information on insecticide use was obtained through interviews with 25 farmers. Susceptibility was evaluated using the leaf-dipping bioassay, whereas AChE activity was determined using a modified Ellman method. The interviews showed that 56% of farmers applied insecticides twice weekly, and 68% used organophosphate insecticides, with profenofos as the predominant active ingredient. The laboratory population exhibited only 33.3% larval mortality at 12,000 ppm active ingredient, equivalent to sixteen times the recommended concentration. Higher concentrations were not evaluated because of phytotoxicity on test leaves. AChE activity was higher in all field populations than in the laboratory population. These findings indicate increased AChE activity contributes to P. xylostella resistance against profenofos. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180220 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z