UT - Anatomy, Phisiology and Pharmacology

EFEK PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI INFUSA DAUN ALPUKAT DAN CIPLUKAN TERHADAP KADAR UREUM DAN KREATININ PADA TIKUS MODEL HIPEROKSALURIA

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

EFEK PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI INFUSA DAUN ALPUKAT DAN CIPLUKAN TERHADAP KADAR UREUM DAN KREATININ PADA TIKUS MODEL HIPEROKSALURIA NURHIDAYAT, SYAHRUL Daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) dan ciplukan (Physalis angulata Linn.) merupakan tanaman herbal yang memiliki kandungan sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi, diuretikum, dan antiurolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efek pemberian kombinasi infusa daun alpukat dan ciplukan terhadap kadar ureum dan kreatinin pada tikus putih jenis Sprague-Dawley yang mengalami hiperoksaluria. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok normal (tanpa perlakuan), kelompok negatif (inducer tanpa sediaan herbal), kelompok positif (inducer + sediaan komersil), kombinasi 1 (inducer + daun alpukat 30% dan ciplukan 10%), dan kombinasi 2 (inducer + daun alpukat 10% dan ciplukan 30%). Inducer yang digunakan merupakan etilen glikol 0,75% dan amonium klorida 2%. Pengambilan darah dilakukan pada hari ke-14 vena caudalis lateralis dan ke-28 intrakardial. Kadar ureum dan kreatinin dianalisis dengan alat Semi Auto Chemistry Analyzer Mindray-BA-88A. Data analisis diolah dengan perangkat lunak Microsoft Excel dan Minitab, dilanjut uji One Way Analiysis of Variance (ANOVA) Tukey selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menujukkan nilai kadar ureum kelompok kombinasi 1 mengalami penurunan yang berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dibandingkan kelompok negatif pada hari ke-28. Kadar kreatinin setiap kelompok menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata pada setiap kelompok (p>0,05). Dengan demikian, kombinasi 1 mampu menurunkan kadar ureum dan mempertahankan kadar kreatinin pada tikus model hiperoksaluria.; Avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) and ciplukan (Physalis angulata Linn.) are herbal plants with antioxidant, antiinflammatory, diureticum, and antiurolithiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined infusions of avocado leaves and ciplukan on blood ureum and creatinine levels in Sprague-Dawley rats induced with hyperoxaluria. A total 25 rats were divided into five groups: normal control (without treatment), negative control (induced without treatment), positive control (inducer + commercial preparation), combination 1 (inducer + avocado leaf 30% + ciplukan 10%), and combination 2 (inducer + avocado leaf 10% + ciplukan 30%). Hyperoxaluria was induced using 0,75% ethylene glycol and 2% ammonium chloride. Blood samples were collected on day 14 vena caudalis lateralis and day 28 intracardially. Ureum and creatinine levels were analyzed using a Semi-Auto Chemistry Analyzer Mindray BA-88A. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Minitab software, followed by One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the ureum level in the combination 1 group significantly decreased (p<0,05) compared to the negative control group on day 28. Meanwhile, creatinine levels did not differ significantly among groups (p>0,05). In conclusion, combination 1 effectively reduced ureum levels and maintained creatinine levels in hyperoxaluria induced rats.

Interaksi Potensi Antiinflamasi Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Sambiloto dan Rumput Mutiara secara In Vitro

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Interaksi Potensi Antiinflamasi Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Sambiloto dan Rumput Mutiara secara In Vitro Rakasiwi, Erviendru Gading Inflamasi merupakan respon biologis terhadap kerusakan jaringan yang memerlukan penanganan yang efektif, salah satunya ialah dengan menggunakan agen antiinflamasi. Sambiloto dan rumput mutiara dilaporkan mempunyai efek antiinflamasi, namun interaksi antar keduanya jika digunakan bersamaan belum pernah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi potensi antiinflamasi ekstrak tunggal dan kombinasi antiinflamasi infusa daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) dan rumput mutiara (Hedyotis corymbosa) serta interaksi antara keduanya melalui uji denaturasi albumin 2%. Aktivitas antiinflamasi ditetapkan berdasarkan absorbansi albumin 2% sebelum dan sesudah penambahan sediaan uji. Absorbansi sampel diukur dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 660 nm. Terdapat lima kelompok kombinasi yang diuji selain ekstrak tunggalsambiloto dan rumput mutiara, yaitu F1 dengan rasio 1:1, F2 rasio 4:1, F3 rasio 1:4, F4 rasio 1:2 dan F5 rasio 2:1. Nilai IC50 dihitung berdasarkan kurva regresi linier, dan interaksi kombinasi dianalisis menggunakan metode Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rumput mutiara memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi sangat kuat (IC50= 1,29 ppm), sedangkan sambiloto tergolong tidak aktif ( IC50 = 242,20 ppm). Formula kombinasi menunjukkan variasi aktivitas, namun seluruhnya menunjukkan interaksi antagonis (nilai FICI > 4,0). Dengan demikian, kombinasi sambiloto dan rumput mutiara tidak meningkatkan efek antiinflamasi, namun menurunkan aktivitas antiinflamasi ektrak rumput mutiara. Rumput mutiara secara tunggal lebih potensial dikembangkan sebagai kandidat agen antiinflamasi.; Inflammation is a biological response to tissue damage that requires effective management, one of which is through the use of anti-inflammatory agents. Andrographis paniculata (sambiloto) and Hedyotis corymbosa (rumput mutiara) have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory effects; however, their interaction when used in combination has not been previously investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of single extracts and combinations of sambiloto leaf infusion and rumput mutiara infusion, as well as their interaction, using a 2% albumin denaturation assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined based on the absorbance of 2% albumin before and after the addition of test samples. The absorbance was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 660 nm. Five combination formulas were tested in addition to the single extracts, namely F1 with a ratio of 1:1, F2 with 4:1, F3 with 1:4, F4 with 1:2, and F5 with 2:1. The IC50 values were calculated from linear regression curves, and the combination interactions were analyzed using the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) method. The results showed that rumput mutiara exhibited very strong anti-inflammatory activity ( IC50 = 1,29 ppm), whereas sambiloto was considered inactive (IC50= 242,20 ppm). The combination formulas demonstrated varying levels of effectiveness; however, all exhibited antagonistic interactions (FICI > 4.0). Therefore, combining sambiloto with rumput mutiara did not enhance anti-inflammatory effects but instead reduced the activity of rumput mutiara extract. Rumput mutiara alone is thus more promising for development as a potential anti-inflammatory candidate.

Laxative Activity of Broadleaf Plantain (Plantago major) in the Colon of Non-Constipated Sprague-Dawley Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Laxative Activity of Broadleaf Plantain (Plantago major) in the Colon of Non-Constipated Sprague-Dawley Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Arraudha, Naura Athira Laxatives are a class of medication used to treat constipation, empty the gastrointestinal tract as a pre-operative procedure, and support gastrointestinal function recovery during post-operative treatment. Broadleaf plantain (Plantago major) has been proven to exhibit laxative effects in constipated conditions. This research aims to analyze the laxative potential of Plantago major leaf extract in the colon of non-constipated Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were divided into 5 treatment groups, which included a normal control, a bisacodyl control, and 3 dosages of Plantago major leaf extract at 50 mg/kg body weight (BW), 100 mg/kg (BW), and 200 mg/kg (BW), respectively. The colon was prepared as histological slides stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), Alcian Blue (AB), and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). The results were observed by measuring parameters of goblet cell number, goblet cell area, and intensity of AB and PAS staining. This study demonstrated that 50-200 mg/kg Plantago major extract increased goblet cell number, goblet cell area, and mucin secretion in non-constipated rats, suggesting its potential as a mild laxative for gastrointestinal support.

Efektivitas Kombinasi Infusa Daun Sembukan (Paederia foetida) dan Gum Arab sebagai Antidiare pada Mencit

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Efektivitas Kombinasi Infusa Daun Sembukan (Paederia foetida) dan Gum Arab sebagai Antidiare pada Mencit Anjarini, Ratih Diare merupakan salah satu masalah utama dalam kesehatan manusia dan hewan yang memerlukan alternatif pengobatan berbasis bahan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kombinasi infusa daun sembukan (Paederia foetida) dan gum arab sebagai agen antidiare pada mencit yang diinduksi oleh oleum ricini, serta menentukan konsentrasi yang paling optimal. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan dua metode pengujian, yaitu proteksi intestinal dan transit intestinal, masing-masing dengan enam kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri atas kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, dan empat variasi konsentrasi kombinasi infusa (100%, 50%, 25%, dan 12,5%). Setiap kelompok terdiri dari lima ekor mencit jantan galur DDY. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA One-Way dan uji lanjut Tukey. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 50% paling efektif menurunkan frekuensi defekasi dan memperbaiki konsistensi feses, sedangkan konsentrasi 25% paling optimal memperlambat motilitas usus.; Diarrhea represents a significant health concern in both humans and animals, necessitating alternative treatments derived from natural sources. This study sought to assess the efficacy of a combination of sembukan leaf (Paederia foetida) infusion and gum arabic as an antidiarrheal agent in mice induced with oleum ricini, and to identify the optimal concentration. The research was conducted experimentally using two test methods: intestinal protection and intestinal transit, each comprising six treatment groups: negative control, positive control, and four variations of combination infusion concentrations (100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5%). Each group included five male DDY strain mice. Data were analyzed using ANOVA One-Way followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. The findings indicated that the 50% concentration was most effective in reducing defecation frequency and enhancing fecal consistency, while the 25% concentration was optimal in decelerating intestinal motility.