http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/53 2026-05-13T21:18:05Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173077 Potensi Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Srikaya (Annona squamosa) dan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Sebagai Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Lipase Pankreas ZADA, ELRAMDA NAFIS Obesitas merupakan kelainan metabolik dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) >30 yang meningkatkan risiko penyakit degeneratif seperti penyakit jantung, stroke, dan diabetes. Obat antiobesitas seperti orlistat efektif, namun berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping sehingga diperlukan alternatif dari bahan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan efek kombinasi ekstrak etanol 70% daun srikaya (Annona squamosa) dan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) berdasarkan kadar fitokimia, kapasitas antioksidan, serta aktivitas inhibisi lipase pankreas dariEkstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode sonikasi, diikuti formulasi kombinasi dan pengujian kadar fenolik total (TPC), flavonoid total (TFC), kapasitas antioksidan metode DPPH dan FRAP, serta inhibisi lipase pankreas. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak tunggal daun srikaya memiliki aktivitas tertinggi, dengan TPC 95,15 mg GAE/g, TFC 47,57 mg QE/g, DPPH 395,10 mg TE/g, FRAP 476,30 mg TE/g, serta inhibisi lipase 64,15%. Kombinasi ekstrak menunjukkan efek sinergis pada aktivitas DPPH dan inhibisi lipase pankreas, namun cenderung antagonis pada TPC, TFC, dan FRAP.; Obesity is a metabolic disorder characterized by a body mass index (BMI) >30 and is associated with an increased risk of degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes. Anti-obesity drugs such as orlistat are effective; however, they may cause side effects, highlighting the need for natural alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a combination of 70% ethanol extracts of sugar apple leaves (Annona squamosa) and moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) based on phytochemical content, antioxidant capacity, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. Extraction was carried out using a sonication method, followed by formulation of extract combinations and evaluation of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity using DPPH and FRAP methods, and lipase inhibition. The results showed that the single extract of sugar apple leaves exhibited the highest activity, with TPC of 95.15 mg GAE/g, TFC of 47.57 mg QE/g, DPPH of 395.10 mg TE/g, FRAP of 476.30 mg TE/g, and lipase inhibition of 64.15%. The extract combination showed synergistic effects on DPPH activity and pancreatic lipase inhibition, but tended to be antagonistic for TPC, TFC, and FRAP. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173060 Kapaasitas Fenolik, FLavonoid, Antioksidan, dan Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Bagian Tanaman Celosia cristata IBRAHIM, ZAKI FADHLURRAHMAN ZAKI FADHLURRAHMAN IBRAHIM. Kapasitas Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Antioksidan Terhadap Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Bagian Tanaman Celosia cristata. Dibimbing oleh WARAS NURCHOLIS dan POPI ASRI KURNIATIN. Setiap bagian tanaman Celosia cristata mengandung metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai agen terapeutik. Perbedaan fungsi antar bagian tanaman diduga memengaruhi perbedaan kapasitas metabolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi polifenol, kapasitas antioksidan, serta aktivitas antiinflamasi in vitro ekstrak etanol 80% dari setiap bagian tanaman Celosia cristata. Kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid ditentukan melalui metode Folin–Ciocalteu dan AlCl3, sedangkan kapasitas antioksidan melalui penangkapan radikal (DPPH) dan kapasitas reduksi (FRAP). Aktivitas antiinflamasi ditentukan dengan stabilisasi membran sel darah merah. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antar bagian tanaman. Ekstrak etanol biji memiliki nilai tertinggi sebesar 43,081 ± 0,70 mg GAE/g BK pada fenolik dan 54,852 ± 1,22 mg QE/g BK pada flavonoid. Ekstrak etanol daun memiliki kapasitas DPPH terbaik 31,825 ± 0,55 µmol TE/g BK, sementara kapasitas FRAP tertinggi dimiliki ekstrak etanol biji sebesar 183,575 ± 2,88 µmol TE/g BK. Ekstrak etanol akar memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi terbaik dengan nilai IC50 terendah 1677,257 µg/ml. Analisis korelasi menyatakan, kadar polifenol total tidak selalu berkorelasi linier dengan aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi.; ZAKI FADHLURRAHMAN IBRAHIM. Phenolic, Flavonoid, and Antioxidant Capacities Against the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extracts from Parts of the Celosia cristata Plant. Supervised by WARAS NURCHOLIS and POPI ASRI KURNIATIN. Every part of the Celosia cristata plant contains secondary metabolites with potential as therapeutic agents. Differences in physiological functions among plant parts are thought to influence variations in metabolite content. This study aimed to evaluate polyphenol, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of 80% ethanol extracts from every part of Celosia cristata. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu and AlCl3 methods, while antioxidant capacity was assessed via radical scavenging (DPPH) and reducing capacity (FRAP). Anti-inflammatory activity was determined via red blood cell membrane stabilization. The results showed significant differences among plant parts. The seed ethanol extract had the highest values of 43.081 ± 0.70 mg GAE/g DW for phenolics and 54.852 ± 1.22 mg QE/g DW for flavonoids. The leaf ethanol extract had the best DPPH capacity at 31.825 ± 0.55 µmol TE/g DW, while the seed ethanol extract had the highest FRAP capacity at 183.575 ± 2.88 µmol TE/g DW. The root ethanol extract exhibited the strongest anti-inflammatory activity with the lowest IC50 value of 1677,257 µg/ml. Correlation analysis indicated that total polyphenol content did not always show a linear correlation with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172310 Metagenomik Keragaman Komunitas Fungi Pada Tanah Mangrove Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai Sulawesi Tenggara Koswandy, Monita Litania Ekosistem mangrove berperan penting dalam mendukung keseimbangan lingkungan, melalui aktivitas mikroorganisme seperti fungi. Informasi terkait komunitas fungi di kawasan mangrove, seperti Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keragaman dan potensi fungsional komunitas fungi tanah mangrove TNRAW menggunakan pendekatan metagenomik berbasis sekuens ITS2. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pengambilan sampel tanah dari lima titik, ekstraksi DNA, dan evaluasi kualitas hasil ekstraksi DNA. Sekuensing dilakukan dengan Oxford Nanopore Technologies PromethION 2 Solo, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan platform UseGalaxy dan R. Sekuensing seluruh sampel menghasilkan 378.926 sekuens dengan 77.666.929 basa. Keanekaragaman fungi pada seluruh sampel tanah mangrove tinggi dengan genus Malassezia, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Neurospora. Prediksi fungsional komunitas fungi menunjukkan aktivitas metabolisme energi, dan lipid. Keberadaan gen regulasi sel RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor menunjukan kemampuan fungi beradaptasi terhadap lingkungan mangrove yang ekstrim.; Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in maintaining environmental balance through the activities of microorganisms such as fungi. Information regarding fungal communities in mangrove ecosystems, such as Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai, remains limited. This study aimed to identify the diversity and functional potential of soil fungal communities in the mangrove ecosystem of TNRAW using an ITS2-based metagenomic approach. The methods included soil sampling from five sites, DNA extraction, and evaluation of DNA extraction quality. Sequencing was performed using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies PromethION 2 Solo platform, while data analysis was conducted using the UseGalaxy platform and R. Sequencing of all samples generated a total of 378.926 sequences with 77.666.929 bases. Fungal diversity across all mangrove soil samples was high, with the genera Malassezia, Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Neurospora being dominant. Functional prediction of the fungal community indicated activities related to energy and lipid metabolism. The presence of regulatory genes encoding the RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor suggests the ability of fungi to adapt to the extreme environmental conditions of mangrove ecosystems. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172246 Prediksi Kandidat Bakteriosin Menggunakan AntiSMASH dan Optimasi Waktu Inkubasi Komagataeibacter xylinus Berdasarkan Pola Pertumbuhan serta Profil Protein Qur’ani, Elvaretta Aura Komagataeibacter xylinus dikenal sebagai bakteri penghasil selulosa, namun potensinya dalam menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif seperti bakteriosin masih terbatas dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi waktu inkubasi K. xylinus berdasarkan pola pertumbuhan serta mengidentifikasi protein kandidat bakteriosin. Pola pertumbuhan dianalisis melalui pengukuran OD600 dan bobot kering sel selama inkubasi 96 jam. Profil protein terlarut dianalisis menggunakan metode SDS-PAGE, sedangkan potensi genetik produksi bakteriosin dikaji secara in silico menggunakan antiSMASH. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa K. xylinus memasuki fase eksponensial pada 48–96 jam inkubasi. Pita protein berukuran antara 10–15 kDa terdeteksi pada inkubasi 72 dan 96 jam dan mengindikasikan bahwa rentang waktu tersebut berpotensi menjadi waktu inkubasi optimum untuk produksi protein berukuran kecil. Namun, temuan ini masih bersifat indikatif dan memerlukan konfirmasi lebih lanjut melalui uji aktivitas antimikroba serta identifikasi protein secara spesifik. Ukuran protein tersebut konsisten dengan karakteristik umum bakteriosin, khususnya kelas II. Selain itu, analisis antiSMASH mengungkap keberadaan klaster gen RiPP-like pada genom K. xylinus. Penelitian ini memberikan dasar awal mengenai potensi K. xylinus sebagai penghasil protein kandidat bakteriosin.; Komagataeibacter xylinus is widely known as a cellulose-producing bacterium, yet its potential to produce other bioactive compounds such as bacteriocins remains underexplored. This study aimed to optimize the incubation time of K. xylinus based on its growth pattern and to identify candidate bacteriocin proteins. Growth was monitored using optical density (OD600) and cell dry weight over a 96-hour incubation period. Soluble protein profiles were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, while the genetic potential for bacteriocin production was assessed in silico using antiSMASH. K. xylinus entered the exponential phase between 48 and 96 hours. Protein bands of 10–15 kDa were detected at 72 and 96 hours, suggesting this period may be favorable for low-molecular-weight protein production. however, this finding is still indicative and requires confirmation through antimicrobial assays and specific protein identification. AntiSMASH analysis also revealed a RiPP-like biosynthetic gene cluster in the K. xylinus genome. Overall, this study provides preliminary evidence for the bacteriocin-producing potential of K. xylinus. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z