http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/121 2026-06-20T03:19:36Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173536 Evaluasi Efek Metaxenia Terhadap Sifat Pulut Pada Jagung KHOTIMAH, ZELIKA KHUSNUL Waxy corn (Zea mays ceratina) is a type of maize characterized by a high amylopectin content, resulting in a sticky texture and distinctive kernel color. The waxy trait in maize can be influenced by the metaxenia effect, which refers to the influence of pollen on the endosperm characteristics of hybrid seeds. This study aimed to examine the effect of metaxenia on the waxy trait in maize through various crossing combinations between waxy corn, sweet corn, and dent corn, as well as to observe the relationship between amylose and amylopectin composition and kernel physical characteristics. The research method involved crossing several maize parents with different genotypes, particularly regarding the presence of the waxy gene, followed by observation of kernel physical traits after drying. The results showed that the waxy trait could emerge due to the metaxenia effect, especially in crosses between waxy corn and sweet corn carrying the waxy gene. The composition of amylose and amylopectin was reflected in kernel color, where kernels with high amylose content appeared translucent, while those dominated by amylopectin exhibited a dull (opaque) appearance. Crosses between waxy corn and dent corn or sweet corn lacking the waxy gene resulted in dent-type kernels, whereas crosses between waxy corn and sweet corn carrying the waxy gene produced sweet waxy corn. The metaxenia effect plays an important role in the expression of the waxy trait and can be utilized in the development of hybrid sweet waxy corn. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173502 Keragaman Genetik 20 Galur Inbrida Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. var. Saccharata Sturt). PUTRA, ANDIKA Keragaman genetik merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan program pemuliaan tanaman untuk menghasilkan varietas unggul jagung manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi tingkat keragaman genetik pada 20 galur inbrida jagung manis (Zea mays L. var. Saccharata Sturt). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada September hingga Desember 2025 di Kebun Benih Utama, PT East West Seed Indonesia, Purwakarta, menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap berbagai karakter agronomi kuantitatif dan kualitatif, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, koefisien keragaman genotipik dan fenotipik, heritabilitas, serta analisis kluster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya keragaman genetik yang cukup luas pada sebagian besar karakter, dengan beberapa karakter seperti tinggi tanaman, komponen hasil, dan umur berbunga menunjukkan pengaruh genetik yang nyata. Nilai koefisien keragaman bervariasi dari rendah hingga tinggi, sementara heritabilitas beberapa karakter tergolong tinggi sehingga berpotensi efektif untuk seleksi. Analisis kluster mengelompokkan galur ke dalam beberapa kelompok berdasarkan kemiripan karakter. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya potensi pemanfaatan galur inbrida sebagai tetua dalam perakitan varietas hibrida unggul yang produktif dan adaptif. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173432 Validasi Dosis Pemupukan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kedelai (Glycine max L.) Varietas Detap 1 Fadhilah, Tazkiya Yoni Kedelai (Glycine max L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan penting di Indonesia. Permintaan kedelai yang terus meningkat belum mampu diimbangi oleh produksi dalam negeri, sehingga kebutuhan nasional masih dipenuhi melalui impor. Penurunan produksi kedelai dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan lahan pertanian dan penurunan kualitas tanah. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produksi dapat dilakukan melalui pemupukan dengan dosis yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh dosis pemupukan terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai varietas Detap 1. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Juni hingga Oktober 2025 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan lima taraf dosis pupuk, yaitu 0% (P1), 50% (P2), 100% (P3), 150% (P4), dan 200% (P5) dari dosis rekomendasi (urea 50 kg ha-1, SP-36 50 kg ha-1, dan KCl 75 kg ha-1). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis pupuk berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 10 MST, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap komponen hasil. Tinggi tanaman tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan 200% dosis, sedangkan potensi hasil terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan 0% dosis pupuk. Indeks panen tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan 0% dosis pupuk. Hasil terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan 0% dosis pupuk pada kondisi tanah yang memiliki status N-Total sedang, P-Potensial sangat tinggi, dan K-Potensial sedang.; Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the important food commodities in Indonesia. The continuously increasing demand for soybean has not been matched by domestic production, resulting in the continued reliance on imports to meet national demand. The decline in soybean production is influenced by limited agricultural land and declining soil quality. One effort to increase soybean production is through the application of fertilizers at appropriate rates. This study aimed to analyze the effect of fertilizer rates on the growth and yield of the Detap 1 soybean variety. The experiment was conducted from June to October 2025 at the Leuwikopo Experimental Field, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java. The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five fertilizer-rate treatments, namely 0% (P1), 50% (P2), 100% (P3), 150% (P4), and 200% (P5) of the recommended fertilizer rate (50 kg ha-1 urea, 50 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 75 kg ha-1 KCl). Each treatment was replicated four times. The results showed that fertilizer-rate treatments significantly affected plant height at 10 weeks after planting (WAP), but had no significant effect on yield components. The tallest plants were obtained under the 200% fertilizer-rate treatment, whereas the highest yield potential was achieved under the 0% fertilizer-rate treatment. The highest harvest index was also observed under the 0% fertilizer-rate treatment. The best performance was obtained under the 0% fertilizer-rate treatment in soil with moderate total nitrogen (N), very high potential phosphorus (P), and moderate potential potassium (K) status. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173415 Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma pada Biji terhadap Keragaan Tanaman Anthurium plowmanii Croat Putri, Deslin Nurmagfirah DESLIN NURMAGFIRAH PUTRI. Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma pada Biji terhadap Keragaan Tanaman Anthurium plowmanii Croat. Dibimbing oleh DINY DINARTI dan KRISANTINI. Iradiasi sinar gamma merupakan salah satu metode dalam pemuliaan mutasi yang bertujuan menghasilkan keragaman morfologi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari dosis iradiasi sinar gamma yang tepat untuk menginduksi keragaman genetik tanaman A. plowmanii, mengetahui dosis LD50 tanaman A. plowmanii, serta menghasilkan mutan putatif A. plowmanii. Percobaan dilaksanakan di greenhouse Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri IPB University, Kecamatan Tamansari, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 taraf perlakuan: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, dan 18 Gy, dengan 30 ulangan ditiap perlakuannya. Hasil menunjukkan dosis rendah hingga sedang (= 12 Gy) masih menghasilkan tanaman hidup dengan variasi morfologi, seperti perubahan warna daun dan perbedaan bentuk tepi maupun pangkal. Dosis 15 Gy menghambat pertumbuhan, sedangkan pada = 18 Gy seluruh tanaman mati. Mutan putatif yang didapatkan, yaitu 3 Gy (11 mutan putatif), 6 Gy (14 mutan putatif), 9 Gy (11 mutan putatif), 12 Gy (8 mutan putatif), dan 15 Gy (6 mutan putatif). Nilai LD50 ditentukan sebesar 13,72 Gy, menunjukkan sensitivitas moderat A. plowmanii terhadap iradiasi. Dengan demikian, iradiasi sinar gamma efektif menginduksi variasi morfologi pada A. plowmanii terutama pada dosis rendah hingga sedang (3-9 Gy), menghasilkan keragaman (warna daun bluish white, daun bertekstur bergelombang, daun kaku, daun terlipat, serta daun menyatu), dan berpotensi dimanfaatkan dalam pemuliaan mutasi tanaman hias.; DESLIN NURMAGFIRAH PUTRI. The Effect of Gamma Ray Irradiation on Seed Performance of Anthurium plowmanii Croat. (skripsi). Supervised by DINY DINARTI and KRISANTINI. Gamma ray irradiation is one of the mutation breeding methods aimed at generating morphological variability in plants. This study aimed to determine the appropriate gamma ray dose to induce genetic variation in A. plowmanii, to estimate its LD50 value, and to obtain putative mutants. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Sukamantri Experimental Garden, IPB University, Bogor, West Java. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatments: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 Gy, each with 30 replications. Putative mutants were obtained from the irradiation treatments as follows: 11 at 3 Gy, 14 at 6 Gy, 11 at 9 Gy, 8 at 12 Gy, and 6 at 15 Gy. Results showed that low to moderate doses (= 12 Gy) maintained plant survival while inducing morphological variation, such as changes in leaf color and differences in margin and base shapes. Growth was inhibited at 15 Gy, while doses = 18 Gy caused complete mortality. The LD50 value was determined as 13,72 Gy, indicating moderate sensitivity of A. plowmanii to irradiation. This, gamma irradiation is effective in inducing morphological variation in A. plowmanii, particularly at low to moderate doses (3-9 Gy), resulting in diverse traits such as bluish white leaf coloration, wavy textures, stiffness, folded leaves, fused leaves, and holds potential for use in mutation breeding of ornamental plants. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z