http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/97 2026-10-11T05:05:42Z 2026-10-11T05:05:42Z Prameswari, Shafa Tiara http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180062 2026-10-05T07:20:17Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Peralihan Sistem Material Handling dalam Upaya Menurunkan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (Studi Kasus: PT XYZ) Prameswari, Shafa Tiara Perubahan iklim mendorong sektor industri untuk mengurangi emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) melalui penerapan praktik operasional yang lebih berkelanjutan. Salah satu sumber emisi dalam aktivitas industri berasal dari sistem material handling, khususnya penggunaan forklift berbahan bakar diesel. PT XYZ sebagai perusahaan industri kimia telah melakukan inisiatif peralihan sistem material handling dari forklift diesel menuju forklift listrik serta mempertimbangkan penggunaan towing tractor sebagai alternatif sistem yang berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan menurunkan emisi. Namun, setiap alternatif teknologi memiliki karakteristik, kebutuhan investasi, dan implikasi keberlanjutan yang berbeda, sehinggamemerlukan kajian yang komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca, mengevaluasi efektivitas biaya penurunan emisi, serta mengidentifikasi aspek keberlanjutan dari alternatif sistem material handling. Metode yang digunakan meliputi emission factor method, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), serta multi-criteria sustainability evaluation matrix. Hasil menunjukkan towing tractor berpotensi menurunkan emisi GRK sebesar 59,8% dan forklift listrik sebesar 86,9% dibandingkan baseline. Analisis CEA menunjukkan forklift listrik memberikan penghematan biaya tertinggi sebesar Rp4.473/palet dan penurunan emisi 0,577 kgCO2e/palet dibandingkan dengan baseline. Penilaian keberlanjutan menunjukkan towing tractor memperoleh skor komposit tertinggi (3,86), diikuti forklift listrik (3,76), dan forklift diesel (3,49), meskipun kesiapan implementasi towing tractor masih rendah dan memerlukan uji coba lebih lanjut.; Climate change is driving the industrial sector to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions by adopting more sustainable operational practices. A significant source of emissions in industrial activities stems from material handling systems, particularly the use of diesel-powered forklifts. PT XYZ, a chemical industry company, has initiated a transition from diesel forklifts to electric forklifts and is considering towing tractors as an alternative system with the potential to enhance operational efficiency and lower emissions. However, each technological alternative presents distinct characteristics, investment requirements, and sustainability implications, necessitating a comprehensive assessment. This study aims to analyze the potential for GHG emission reductions, evaluate the cost effectiveness of these reductions, and identify sustainability aspects associated with the alternative material handling systems. The methodology employs the emission factor method, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), and a multi-criteria sustainability evaluation matrix. The results indicate that towing tractors have the potential to reduce GHG emissions by 59.8%, while electric forklifts offer a reduction of 86.9% compared to the baseline. The CEA analysis shows that electric forklifts provide the highest cost savings of Rp4,473 per pallet and an emission reduction of 0.577 kgCO2e per pallet compared to the baseline. The sustainability assessment shows that towing tractors achieved the highest composite score (3.86), followed by electric forklifts (3.76) and diesel forklifts (3.49); however, the implementation readiness for towing tractors remains low, requiring further trials.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Juliano, Ferdy http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/180001 2026-09-24T01:04:56Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Produksi dan Pendapatan Usaha Budidaya Ikan Mas di Desa Cibunian Kabupaten Bogor Juliano, Ferdy Usaha budidaya ikan mas sistem kolam air deras di Desa Cibunian, Kecamatan Pamijahan, Kabupaten Bogor menghadapi permasalahan alokasi input belum optimal dan pendapatan petani berfluktuasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor produksi, tingkat efisiensi alokatif, dan pendapatan usaha pembesaran ikan mas pada sistem tersebut. Data dikumpulkan dari 50 responden petani yang dipilih menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Faktor produksi yang dianalisis meliputi luas kolam, benih, pakan, vitamin, tenaga kerja dalam keluarga, tenaga kerja luar keluarga, dan status kepemilikan kolam menggunakan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas. Efisiensi alokatif dianalisis dari perbandingan nilai produk marjinal dan biaya korbanan marjinal tiap input, sedangkan kelayakan usaha dianalisis menggunakan rasio penerimaan atas biaya total. Model produksi menjelaskan 97,7% keragaman produksi; luas kolam, benih, pakan, dan vitamin berpengaruh nyata, sedangkan kedua jenis tenaga kerja dan status kepemilikan kolam tidak nyata. Keempat input yang berpengaruh nyata tersebut belum digunakan secara optimal sehingga penambahan input masih dapat meningkatkan produksi. Rasio penerimaan atas biaya total sebesar 1,17 pada pemilik kolam dan 1,15 pada penyewa kolam menunjukkan usaha layak dijalankan, meskipun pendapatan per unit kolam masih di bawah upah minimum kabupaten. Penelitian merekomendasikan penambahan input bertahap dan fasilitasi permodalan petani.; The carp farming business using the running water pond system in Cibunian Village, Pamijahan District, Bogor Regency faces suboptimal input allocation and fluctuating farmer income. This study aimed to analyze the production factors, allocative efficiency, and income of carp grow-out farming under this system. Data were collected from 50 farmer respondents selected using snowball sampling. The production factors analyzed were pond area, seeds, feed, vitamins, family labor, hired labor, and pond ownership status, using the Cobb-Douglas production function. Allocative efficiency was analyzed by comparing the marginal value product to the marginal factor cost for each input, while business feasibility was evaluated using the revenue-cost ratio. The production model explained 97,7% of the production variation; pond area, seeds, feed, and vitamins had a significant effect, whereas both types of labor and pond ownership status showed no significant effect. The four significant inputs had not been allocated optimally; thus, increasing their usage could further enhance production. A total revenue-cost ratio of 1,17 for pond owners and 1,15 for pond renters indicated that the business is feasible, although income per pond unit remained below the regional minimum wage. The study recommends gradual input additions and credit or capital support for farmers.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Setyawan, Nurzika Viola http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179872 2026-09-01T00:32:53Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Pengaruh Urbanisasi dan Konsumsi Energi Listrik terhadap Emisi CO2 di Pulau Jawa Setyawan, Nurzika Viola Indonesia berkomitmen terhadap mitigasi perubahan iklim melalui Second Nationally Determined Contribution (SNDC) 2025 dengan menargetkan total emisi hingga tahun 2035. Pulau Jawa sebagai pusat pembangunan nasional dengan perkembangan aktivitas sosial dan ekonomi yang lebih maju, turut memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK), khususnya emisi CO2. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh pesatnya urbanisasi yang mendorong peningkatan permintaan energi listrik dan perkembangan sektor industri. Akibatnya, faktor-faktor tersebut memperkuat dinamika pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis pengaruh antara urbanisasi, konsumsi energi listrik, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan industrialisasi terhadap emisi CO2 di Pulau Jawa; (2) menganalisis hubungan jangka panjang dan jangka pendek antara urbanisasi, konsumsi energi listrik, pertumbuhan ekonomi, industrialisasi, dan emisi CO2 di Pulau Jawa; (3) menguji hipotesis Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) pada Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) dan emisi CO2 di Pulau Jawa. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dan Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) dengan periode pengamatan 2010-2024. Hasil penelitian model Fixed Effect Model (FEM) menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi energi listrik dan industrialisasi berpengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan urbanisasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Sementara itu, PDRB per kapita berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap emisi CO2. Estimasi Panel ARDL menunjukkan adanya hubungan keseimbangan jangka panjang yang ditandai dengan Error Correction Term (ECT) bernilai negatif dan signifikan sebesar -0,311220. Pengujian hipotesis EKC menemukan pola hubungan berbentuk U, sehingga hipotesis tersebut tidak terbukti pada lima provinsi di Pulau Jawa.; Indonesia is committed to mitigating climate change through The Second Nationally Determined Contribution (SNDC) 2025 by targeting total emissions by 2035. Java Island as a center of national development with the development of more advanced social and economic activities, also contributes greatly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially CO2 emissions. This is influenced by rapid urbanization which encourages an increase in demand for electrical energy and the development of the industrial sector. As a result, these factors strengthen the dynamics of economic growth. This study aims to (1) analyze the influence between urbanization, electricity consumption, economic growth, and industrialization on CO2 emissions in Java; (2) analyze the long-term and short-term relationships between urbanization, electricity consumption, economic growth, industrialization, and CO2 emissions on the island of Java; (3) testing the hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) and CO2 emissions in Java. The method used was panel data regression and Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) with an observation period of 2010-2024. The results of The Fixed Effect Model (FEM) model study show that electrical energy consumption and industrialization have a significant positive effect, while urbanization has a negative and significant effect. Meanwhile, GDP per capita has a negative and insignificant effect on CO2 emissions. The ARDL Panel's estimate shows a long-term equilibrium relationship characterized by a negative and significant Error Correction Term (ECT) of -0,311220. The EKC hypothesis test found a U-shaped relationship pattern, so the hypothesis was not proven in five provinces on the island of Java.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Wafa, Muhammad Azmi http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179848 2026-08-27T03:28:14Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Evaluasi Program Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan di Sub DAS Pusur Wafa, Muhammad Azmi Program Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan (PJL) merupakan instrumen ekonomi lingkungan yang memberikan insentif kepada penyedia jasa lingkungan untuk mendorong kegiatan konservasi. Program PJL di Sub DAS Pusur mulai diimplementasikan pada 31 Juli 2024, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi terhadap mekanisme pelaksanaan, desain skema, implementasi, dan pendapatan usahatani petani mitra. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme pelaksanaan Program PJL serta mengevaluasi program berdasarkan aspek desain skema, implementasi dan ekonomi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, FGD, dokumen PJL Sub DAS Pusur, dan kuesioner terhadap 30 petani peserta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program PJL menerapkan mekanisme indirect payment melalui Pusur Institute dengan penilaian jasa lingkungan menggunakan instrumen Inventarisasi Sumber Daya Lahan (ISDL). Evaluasi menunjukkan enam dari delapan kriteria desain skema telah terpenuhi, sedangkan implementasi program masih terkendala realisasi pembayaran dan tata kelola dana. Belum adanya pedoman distribusi insentif menyebabkan variasi dalam penggunaan insentif. Insentif yang diterima langsung memberikan kontribusi sebesar 8,62-11,13 % terhadap pendapatan usahatani, sedangkan pada kelompok lain dana dikelola secara kolektif. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan perlunya penguatan mekanisme pembayaran, tata kelola kelembagaan, dan sumber pendanaan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas serta keberlanjutan Program PJL; The Payment for Environmental Services (PES) program is an environmental economic instrument that offers financial incentives to environmental service providers to promote conservation activities. This study aims to analyze the implementation mechanism of the PES program in the Sub DAS Pusur and evaluate its scheme design, execution, and economic. A descriptive research approach was employed, utilizing data gathered through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), Pusur Sub-watershed PES document, and questionnaires administered to 30 participating farmers. The results indicate that the program operates via an indirect payment mechanism facilitated by the Pusur Institute, with environmental service assessments conducted using the Land Resource Inventory instrument. The evaluation reveals that six out of eight scheme design criteria were met, whereas program execution remains constrained by delays in payment realization and weak fund governance. Furthermore, the lack of standardized incentive distribution guidelines has resulted in inconsistent utilization across recipient groups. Directly received incentives contributed 8.62%-11.13% to farming income, while other groups managed their allocated funds collectively. These findings highlight the critical need to strengthen payment mechanisms, institutional governance, and funding sources to enhance the overall effectiveness and long-term sustainability of the PES program.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z