http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/106 2026-05-26T19:24:29Z 2026-05-26T19:24:29Z Nurin, Putri Cahya http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173098 2026-05-18T08:41:32Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

EFEKTIVITAS PERLAKUAN PANAS, BAHAN PENGAWET SIPERMETRIN DAN KLORPIRIFOS TERHADAP SERANGAN KUMBANG BUBUK PADA KAYU MAHONI (Swietenia sp.) Nurin, Putri Cahya Serangan kumbang bubuk merupakan faktor utama penurunan mutu furnitur kayu mahoni (Swietenia sp.) yang memiliki kelas awet III. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh perlakuan panas, pengawet sipermetrin dan klorpirifos terhadap ketahanan kayu mahoni dari kumbang bubuk kayu kering. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan sembilan perlakuan dan lima ulangan, meliputi perlakuan panas (150 °C dan 180 °C selama 2 dan 4 jam) serta pengawetan kimia (perendaman sipermetrin dan klorpirifos selama 2 jam dan 3 hari). Parameter yang diamati adalah kehilangan berat akibat pemanasan, retensi, kehilangan berat akibat serangan kumbang, dan jumlah lubang gigitan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan panas pada suhu 150–180 °C belum mampu meningkatkan ketahanan kayu secara signifikan (p > 0,05) dan belum dapat mengimbangi efektivitas bahan pengawet. Perlakuan sipermetrin selama 3 hari memberikan perlindungan paling efektif. Klorpirifos menghasilkan nilai retensi yang lebih tinggi, namun sipermetrin lebih efektif dalam menekan aktivitas serangan kumbang. Lama perendaman 3 hari terbukti meningkatkan nilai retensi dan perlindungan kayu secara nyata dibandingkan dengan durasi 2 jam. Kata kunci: bahan pengawet, kayu mahoni, ketahanan kayu, kumbang bubuk, perlakuan panas.; Dry-wood powder-post beetle attack is a major factor in the quality degradation of durability class III mahogany (Swietenia sp.). This study aimed to analyze the effect of heat treatment, cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos preservatives on the durability of mahogany wood against powder post beetles. The research used a completely randomized design with nine treatments and five replications, including heat treatments (150 °C and 180 °C for 2 and 4 hours) and chemical preservation using cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos (soaking for 2 hours and 3 days). Parameters observed were weight loss due to heating, preservative retention, weight loss due to beetle attack, and the number of feeding holes. The results indicated that heat treatment at 150–180 °C did not significantly improve wood resistance (p > 0.05) and was less effective than chemical preservatives. Cypermethrin applied for 3 days provided the most effective protection. While chlorpyrifos resulted in higher retention values, cypermethrin was more effective in suppressing beetle activity. A 3-day soaking duration significantly increased preservative retention and wood protection compared to a 2-hour duration. Keywords: chemical preservative, heat treatment, mahogany, powder-post beetle, wood resistance.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Yunita, Sandra http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173094 2026-05-18T07:03:18Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Daya Saing Ekspor Kertas Karton Indonesia di Pasar Internasional Periode 2020-2024. Yunita, Sandra Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing ekspor kertas karton Indonesia di pasar internasional pada periode 2020-2024. Produk kertas karton yang dianalisis memiliki kode HS 4805 dengan empat produk turunannya yaitu, 480511, 480519, 480550, dan 480593. Analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan tiga metode, yaitu Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan (ISP) serta metode Constant Market Share (CMS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat produk kertas karton memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan komparatif yang berfluktuasi. Hasil ISP menunjukkan bahwa ketiga produk berada pada tahap kematangan dan satu produk berada pada tahap pertumbuhan, serta hasil analisis menggunakan CMS menunjukkan bahwa faktor pertumbuhan standar dan daya saing memberikan kontribusi negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekspor Indonesia meskipun faktor komposisi komoditas dan distribusi pasar berkontribusi positif. Hal tersebut tidak dapat menahan penurunan ekspor keempat produk kertas karton Indonesia.; The research carried out aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian paperboard exports in the international market in the 2020-2024 period. The paperboard product analyzed has the HS code 4805 with four derivative products, namely, 480511, 480519, 480550, and 480593. The analysis was carried out using three methods including, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Trade Specialization Index (ISP) as well as the Constant Market Share (CMS) method. The research results show that the four paperboard products have fluctuating comparative and comparative advantages. The ISP results show that the three products are at the maturity stage and one product is at the growth stage, and the results of analysis using CMS show that standard growth and competitiveness factors make a negative contribution to Indonesia's export growth, although commodity composition and market distribution factors contribute positively, but this cannot prevent the decline in exports of the four Indonesian paperboard products.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Ranu, Muhammad Rakhadya http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173093 2026-05-18T06:05:51Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Penetapan Standar Feed Rate Mesin Molding untuk Mengurangi Losses Produksi Pintu Kayu di PT XYZ Ranu, Muhammad Rakhadya Kayu merupakan salah satu hasil hutan yang banyak digunakan industri manufaktur furniture. Ketersediaan kayu makin berkurang seiring bertambahnya permintaan bahan baku khususnya untuk industri manufaktur furniture pintu kayu. PT XYZ sebagai salah satu perusahaan manufaktur pintu kayu menggunakan mesin molding dalam proses produksinya. Mesin molding memiliki feed rate terhadap material yang memengaruhi losses serta kualitas akhir produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi feed rate dan losses aktual, menganalisis hubungan feed rate dengan karakteristik bahan baku, dan menetapkan standar feed rate mesin molding. Metode yang digunakan, meliputi analisis deskriptif-komparatif, six big losses, performance rate, regresi linear, dan akar masalah dengan fishbone. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang material dan jenis bahan baku berpengaruh signifikan terhadap feed rate (R² = 0,524) dengan losses terbesar berasal dari short stop/change over, maintenance (62,29%) dan external factors (32,17%) sehingga menghasilkan nilai performance rate sebesar 42,43% dengan indikasi mesin belum beroperasi optimal. Mengacu hasil regresi linear, ditetapkan rekomendasi standar feed rate dalam bentuk tabel operasional berdasarkan jenis bahan baku dan kelompok panjang material dalam rentang nilai 6 sampai 12 m/min yang telah dibulatkan untuk memudahkan implementasi di lapangan. Penetapan standar ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi dan konsistensi kualitas serta menurunkan losses pada mesin molding di PT XYZ.; Wood is one of the forest products widely used in the furniture manufacturing industry. The availability of wood is decreasing as the demand for raw materials continues to increase, particularly for wooden door furniture manufacturing. PT XYZ, as a wooden door manufacturing company, utilizes a molding machine in its production process. The molding machine feed rate affects production losses as well as the final quality of wooden door products. This study aims to identify the actual feed rate and production losses, analyze the relationship between feed rate and raw material characteristics, and establish the standard feed rate for molding machine. The methods used include descriptive-comparative analysis, linear regression, performance rate analysis, six big losses analysis, and root cause analysis using a fishbone diagram. The results show that material length and raw material type significantly affect feed rate (R² = 0,524), with a performance rate of 42,43% indicating that the machine has not yet operated optimally. The largest losses were identified from setup & adjustment (62,29%) and external factors (32,17%). Based on the regression result, a recommended standard feed rate was established in the form of an operational table based on raw material type and material length groups, ranging from 6 until 12 m/min and rounded for easier implementation in the field. The implementation of this standard is expected to improve efficiency, ensure consistent product quality, and reduce molding machine losses at PT XYZ.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Raadi, Asyura Zahra Lutffia http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173079 2026-05-20T00:31:12Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Pengaruh Pengawetan Bambu Betung (Dendrocalamus asper) Menggunakan Boraks dan Asam Borat terhadap Sifat Mekanis Tekan dan Lentur Cakram (Flat Ring Flexure) Raadi, Asyura Zahra Lutffia Bambu betung memiliki potensi besar sebagai material konstruksi, namun rentan terhadap serangan organisme perusak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pengawetan menggunakan boraks dan asam borat terhadap sifat mekanis tekan dan lentur cakram bambu betung. Pengawetan dilakukan dengan metode perendaman selama 72 jam dengan berbagai perlakuan konsentrasi, rasio bahan pengawet serta posisinya dalam buluh bambu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi pengawet meningkatkan nilai retensi secara signifikan, dengan nilai tertinggi (3,82 kg m?³) pada konsentrasi 7,5% dengan rasio boraks:asam borat 0:1 pada bagian pangkal. Pengawetan cenderung meningkatkan kadar air contoh uji dibandingkan kontrol akibat penetrasi larutan. Secara keseluruhan, perlakuan pengawetan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis, di mana kombinasi rasio dan konsentrasi yang tepat diperlukan untuk mencapai efektivitas pengawetan optimal tanpa menurunkan kekuatan bambu secara drastis. Kata kunci: Asam borat, bambu betung, boraks, pengawetan, lentur cakram; Betung bamboo has great potential as a construction material but is highly susceptible to wood-destroying organisms. This study aims to investigate the influence of borax and boric acid preservation on the mechanical properties compression and flexural strength of betung bamboo. Preservation was conducted through a 72-hour soaking method with various concentration treatments, preservative ratios and their positions in the bamboo culms. The results showed that increasing the preservative concentration significantly increased the retention value, with the highest value (3.82 kg m?³) found at 7.5% concentration with a 0:1 borax-to-boric acid ratio at the bottom part. Preservation tended to increase the moisture content of the samples compared to the control due to solution penetration. Overall, the preservation treatments significantly influenced physical and mechanical properties, indicating that appropriate combinations of ratio and concentration are required to achieve optimal preservation effectiveness without drastically reducing the bamboo's strength. Keywords: Borax, boric acid, betung bamboo, flat ring flexure, preservation.

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