Determinant Factors of Successful Ex Situ Conservation of Lesser Bird of Paradise (Paradisaea minor Shaw, 1809).
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Date
2016Author
Cita, Ken Dara
Hernowo, Jarwadi Budi
Masyud, Burhanuddin
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Lesser bird of paradise (Paradisaea minor Shaw, 1809) is an endemic bird
species in Papua island. Recently its population has been decreasing year to year,
due to illegal hunting, illegal trading and habitat destruction. These cause a decrease
in the quality and quantity of their habitat especially for feed, shelter, and cover. In
order to increase its population in natural habitat needs an ex situ conservation effort
such as conservation institution and captive breeding. Currently, ex situ
conservation efforts of this bird are lacked and very low in the successful of
breeding. The aims of this research were to identify and analyze the component
that determine successful of lesser bird of paradise ex situ conservation, to
determine a model of successful lesser bird of paradise ex situ conservation and to
formulate the typology of succesful lesser bird of paradise ex situ conservation.
The study was conducted from March until May 2016 in the TMII Bird Park ,
Mega Bird and Orchid Farm (MBOF), Ragunan Zoo, Bandung Zoo, and Al Wabra
Wildlife Preservation (AWWP) in Qatar. The Data in this research include internal
and external biological aspect of species, captive breeding technique, and social
aspect. The qualitative data was changed into quantitative data with scoring of
assessment. The variables was analyzed by Principle Component Analysis (PCA).
The result of the research showed that the type of cage in TMII Bird Park,
MBOF, Ragunan Zoo, Bandung Zoo was display cage. The temperature average
cage in TMII Bird Park and Ragunan Zoo was 29⁰C and humdity was 86%. The
temperature average in MBOF was 25⁰C and humidity 87.5 % and the temperature
average in Bandung Zoo was 23.5⁰C and humidity 90.5 %. Type of feeds were
divided into main feed and extra feed which were given everyday. The analysis of
nutrient indicated that the protein of the feed consumption is about 6.9% with the
energy is about 2578.3 ccal.
The statistical analysis showed that there are five determinant factors of
successful ex situ conservation of lesser bird of paradise. First components were
age, feed and the keeper ability, second component was nest, third components were
cage size and the availability of specialist, and fourth components were cage
facilities and adaptability of the bird, and fifth components were disturbance and
construction of the cage. These variables in determinant factors are used as basic
data to formulate the model and typology. There are three typologies of succesful
ex situ conservation which are based on internal aspects of the lesser bird of the
paradise, captive breeding technique and the social aspect.
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