Keanekaragaman Spesies Rayap pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit dan Karet Milik Rakyat di Jambi

Abstract

Oil palm and rubber are potential commodities for international trade and source of income for Indonesia. In the field, these commodities frequently attacked by termites. The diversity of termite species in those two plantation can be influenced by many factors. The aim of this research was to asses the diversity of termites species in oil palm and rubber plantations and factor affecting. Research was conducted on 4 plots (50 m x 50 m) on each plantation in Kabupaten Sarolangun, Jambi. Transects (50 m x 10 m) were set in the midlle of the plots and termite found were collected and identified. In addition, wooden stakes made of rubber wood were driven into the ground inside the subplots and termites attacked those wooden stakes were also collected. The result showed that diversity index were higher on rubber plantation than oil palm. Canopy coverage and type of vegetation affect the diversity of termite. Termite species found on oil palm were to 9 species: C. mohri, M. gilvus, M. insperatus, N. longinasoides, N. proatripennis, P. setiger, S. javanicus, S. medioobscurus and T. propinquus. Meanwhile termite species found on rubber plantation were 12 species: B. flavicans, C. mohri, H. hospitalis, M. insperatus, N. proatripennis, N. javanicus, P. aequalis, P. setiger, S. longirostris, S. medioobscurus, S. tarakensis and T. propinquus.