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      Avian Sex Determination Based on Chromo Helicase DNA-binding (CHD) Genes Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

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      Date
      2013-08
      Author
      Khaerunnisa, I.
      Sari, E.
      Ulfah, M.
      Jakaria
      Sumantri, Cece
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      Abstract
      Several bird species are sexually monomorphic. In this case, molecular approach is an efficient method for their sex determination. The sexes of monomorphic birds can be determined by PCR amplification of the CHD genes. CHD genes are preserved within avian Z and W sex chromosomes. The objective of this research was to determine sex of 21 individuals quails, pigeons, hill myna, salmon-crested cockatoos, and yellow-crested cockatoos based on CHD genes using two pairs of primers: 2550F-2718R and P2-P8. Samples from Kampong chickens and ducks were used as controls. PCR products were screened by agarose gel electrophoresis with ethidium bromide. Results showed that 2550F and 2718R primers could be used to identify sex of Kampong chickens, quails, ducks, pigeons, hill myna, salmon-crested cockatoos, and yellow-crested cockatoos. Individuals showed double (ZW) and single (ZZ) bands were identified as females and males, respectively in Kampong chickens, quails, hill myna, salmon-crested cockatoos and yellow-crested cockatoos. Males and females in ducks and pigeons showed single band in different length of base pairs. P2 and P8 primers could be used to identify the sex of pigeons, hill myna, salmon-crested cockatoos, and yellow-crested cockatoos. All of those samples showed bouble (ZW) bands for females and single (ZZ) band for males.
       
      Beberapa jenis burung memiliki jenis kelamin yang sulit dibedakan. Pada kasus tersebut, pendekatan molekular merupakan metode yang efisien untuk identifikasi jenis kelamin. Jenis kelamin burung monomorfik dapat ditentukan dengan amplifikasi gen CHD. Gen CHD terdapat di kromosom Z maupun W. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan jenis kelamin 21 ekor puyuh jepang, merpati, beo nias, kakatua maluku, dan kakatua-kecil jambul-kuning berdasarkan gen CHD menggunakan dua pasang primer: 2550F-2718R dan P2-P8. Sampel ayam kampung dan itik yang telah diketahui jenis kelaminnya digunakan sebagai kontrol. Produk PCR divisualisasikan melalui agarose gel electrophoresis dengan ethidium bromida. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa primer 2550F dan 2718R dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis kelamin ayam kampung, puyuh jepang, itik, merpati, beo nias, kakatua maluku, dan kakatua-kecil jambul-kuning. Masing-masing menunjukkan dua pita dan satu pita berturut-turut pada sampel betina dan jantan ayam kampung, puyuh jepang, beo nias, kakatua maluku, dan kakatua-kecil jambul-kuning. Jantan dan betina pada itik dan merpati menunjukkan satu pita dengan panjang basa yang berbeda. Primer P2-P8 dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis kelamin merpati, beo nias, kakatua maluku, dan kakatua-kecil jambul-kuning. Saluruh sampel menunjukkan pita ganda (Z dan W) untuk betina dan pita tunggal (Z) untuk sampel jantan
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/83793
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