Beban pencemaran limbah cair Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) Batik di Klaster Trusmi Kabupaten Cirebon

Abstract

Growing number of Batik SMEs in Indonesia is started since UNESCO announced batik as world heritage in 2009. However, this condition lead to some negative impact including water pollution. In order to enhance wastewater pollution prevention management from batik SMEs, yet pollution load inventory data is needed. This research aimed to estimate total wastewater pollution load generated from Trusmi cluster at Cirebon district by calculating pollution load factor per unit product of some key parameters such as BOD5, COD, and TSS. Considering the type of dyestuff (Naphtol and Indigosol) and also type of fabric (Cotton and Silk), pollution load factor can be calculated based on the quantity and quality of all batik production processes (coloring, wax removal, and rinsing). The collected wastewater represent two meter of batik product that have three colors (red, black and blue). The coloring recipes of each color decided trough consensus of batik producers which represent the most common recipes used by Trusmi clusters SMEs. The value of wastewater pollution load calculated by multiplying wastewater concentration with the volume in each processes, and then divided by the long of the fabric that produced. By using experimental design with two variables and three time repetition, and followed by two ways ANOVA with 90% confidential level, it can be known that the variable that affect the value of BOD5 and TSS pollution load parameters is type of fabric, and COD pollution load value affected by the type of dyestuff variable. Therefore the values of wastewater pollution load factors for BOD5 parameter is 41,6 ± 37,5 g/m for cotton material and 84,0 ± 35,1 g/m for silk material; the value of wastewater pollution load factors for TSS parameter is 19,0 ± 9,29 g/m for cotton material and 40,5 ± 25,8 g/m for silk material; the pollution load factors for COD parameter is 739 ± 436 g/m for Naphtol dyestuff and 295 ± 164 g/m Indigosol dyestuff. By multiplying these pollution load factor with the overall capacity of batik production in Trusmi Cluster, it can be estimated that the total wastewater pollution load from batik production in Trusmi Cluster are 5,9- 39,5 ton/year for BOD5 parameter, 112-426 ton/year for COD parameter, and 4,88-16,3 ton/year for TSS parameter.