Uji Kinerja Emiter Cincin

Abstract

Water scarcity causes the utilization of dryland is not maximal in supporting agricultural production in Indonesia. Efficient irrigation technology which is economically affordable by farmers needs to develop. This research aimed to provide an irrigation ring typed emitter that can be placed under the soil surface. In this research, porous materials made of textiles were tested for its permeability that matches the permeability of the soil. We got 5 textiles made of Legacy having permeability of 1.54 cm h-1, Colosal 0.76 cm h-1, Veronica 8.16 cm h-1, Kyramat 5.28 cm h-1, and Parasut 0.06 cm h-1. This selected textile was rolled covering a ring typed perforated water hos (ring emitter). These emitters were then tested to irrigate potted water melon plants in a greenhouse. The results show ring emitters covered with Legacy and Colossal have better water productivity, 0.64 kg m-3 and 1.90 kg m-3, respectively with the averaged water discharge 0.52 l h-1 and 1.08 l h-1.

Kerbatasan air menyebabkan pemanfaatan lahan kering belum maksimal dalam mendukung produksi pertanian di Indonesia. Teknologi irigasi hemat air dengan biaya yang terjangkau petani perlu terus dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan emiter irigasi berbentuk cincin yang dapat diletakkan di bawah permukaan tanah. Dalam penelitian ini diuji bahan berpori dari beberapa jenis kain yang permeabilitasnya menyerupai permeabilitas tanah pertanian. Diperoleh 5 jenis kain, yaitu jenis Legacy mempunyai permeabilitas 1.54 cm/jam, Colosal 0.76 cm/jam, Parasut 0.06 cm/jam, Kyramat 5.28 cm/jam dan Veronica 8.16 cm/jam. Jenis kain ini digulung menutupi selang air berlobang (diameter 5 mm dan jarak antar lubang 10 cm) yang dibentuk seperti cincin (emiter cincin). Emiter cincin ini kemudian diuji mengairi pot-pot tanaman melon dalam rumah kaca. Hasilnya, emiter cincin yang dibalut kain jenis Legacy dan Colossal mempunyai produktivitas air yang lebih tinggi, masing-masing 0.64 kg/rn3 dan 1.90 kg/rn3 dengan debit rata-rata 0.52 liter/jam dan 1.08 liter/jam.