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      • Research Journal :: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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      Kajian model pemberdayaan ketahanan pangan di wilayah perbatasan antar negara

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      Date
      2014
      Author
      Syarief, Rizal
      Sumardjo
      Fatchiya, Anna
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      Abstract
      Malacca District is one of Indonesian border area with East Timor. This region is also become the home for largest number of refugees in East Timor after the poll.The existence of the East Timorese former warrior who lived in the ressetlement area built by the EU and UNHCR in Kanamasa village, Central Malaka subdistrict-Malacca District, need special attention amid uncertainty life after their struggle. The Central Malacca subdistrict classified as number one priority areas of food insecurity in East Nusa Tenggara according FSVA. The development of agriculture is alternative solutions in an effort to strengthen the refugees household food security. The purpose ofthis study wasto analyzethe condition of the availability of food, the factors causing food problems, and designing a model of community empowerment efforts to increase food security in the inter-state border. The results showed the condition of the people of East Timorex-fighters in a state of food insecurity that characterized the energy consumption below the cutting point for the adequacy of the energy consumption of 2.160Cal/cap/dayis equal to1209.08Cal/cap/day. Food problems that arise due to the lack of diversification factor, high food prices, and food cultureareless supportive of the adequacy of nutrient intake in the family. Agricultural development program is an effort to address the problem of food insecurity, with a capital in the community experience in agriculture. Programs that can be developed are: 1) institutional strengthening through the establishment of farmers' groups; 2) human resource development through training of crops and horticulture nursery; 3) optmize of yards land use; 4) initiation of land cultivation procurement; 5) agriculture activities in demonstration plots land.
       
      Kabupaten Malaka merupakan salah satu kawasan perbatasan Indonesia dengan Timor Leste. Wilayah ini juga menjadi wilayah dengan jumlah pengungsi terbesar pasca jajak pendapat Timor Timur. Keberadaan eks pejuang Timor Timur di wilayah ressetlement yang dibangun oleh Uni Eropa dan UNHCR di Desa Kanamasa, Kecamatan Malaka Tengah-Kabupaten Malaka, perlu mendapat perhatian khusus ditengah ketidakpastian hidup pasca perjuangan. Wilayah Kecamatan Malaka Tengah Kabupaten Malaka termasuk dalam kawasan prioritas rawan pangan nomor satu menurut FSVA NTT. Pengembangan pertanian merupakan alternatif solusi dalam upaya penguatan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga eks pejuang Timor Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kondisi ketersediaan pangan, faktor-faktor penyebab permasalahan pangan, dan merancang model pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam upaya peningkatan ketahanan pangan wilayah perbatasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi masyarakat eks pejuang Timor Timur berada dalam kondisi rawan pangan yang ditandai dari konsumsi energi di bawah angka cutting point untuk kecukupan konsumsi energi 2.160Kal/kap/hr, yaitu sebesar 1.209,08 Kal/kap/hari. Permasalahan pangan yang muncul disebabkan oleh faktor minimnya diversifikasi pangan, tingginya harga bahan pangan, dan budaya pangan yang kurang mendukung kecukupan asupan gizi di dalam keluarga. Program pengembangan pertanian merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi masalah kerawanan pangan tersebut, dengan bermodal pada pengalaman masyarakat di bidang pertanian. Program-program yang dapat dikembangkan adalah: 1) penguatan kelembagaan melalui pembentukan kelompok tani; 2)peningkatan SDM melalui pelatihan pembibitan tanaman pangan dan hortikultura; 3) pemberdayaan lahan pekarangan; 4) pengadaan atau inisiasi lahan budi daya; dan 5)kegiatan budi daya di lahan demplot.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/71699
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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