Kajian Pembatasan Kredit (Credit Rationing) pada Usahatani Sayuran di Kecamatan Pangalengan Jawa Barat

Abstract

Vegetable farming has a good prospect, but its total cost of production is very high, reaching to Rp 25-50 million per hectare per season, which is mostly financed by non formal financial institution. It indicate the possibility of credit limitation from financial institution or bank to vegetable farming. Therefore, the study of the sources of funds, determinants of credit access and credit rationing in vegetable farming, is important. This study was conducted in Pangalengan, West Java. A total of 76 vegetable farmers in six villages in Pangalengan was chosen by stratified random sampling. Credit rationing phenomenon in vegetable farming was adressed by credit accessibility that was estimated by logit model and credit realization that was analyzed by multiple regression model. Most of funding in vegetable farming comes from internal funding. External funding in the form of inputs and equipments generally comes from non formal financial institution such as input suppliers or traders. Because of close relationship, the ease of requirement facilitation, faster process, and payment installments system, make this kind of sources is preferred by farmer. Determinant factors of credit access in vegetable farming are the distance to economic center area (capital city of District), farm assets, and land ownership. Credit rationing can be shown from the fact that credit realization is always smaller than credit needs, which is only 25 percent. Factors that are significantly affecting credit rationing are interest rates and farm costs. Dummy variable of formal or non formal financial institution is also significantly affecting the credit rationing where farmers receive smaller credit from non formal institution than from formal institution.