Selection of Lowland Rice Cultivars that Have Potential Tolerance to Water Flooding

Abstract

This study aimed at: 1) Lowland rice genotypic selection in order to find out genotypes which tolerant to water flooding, 2) To find genotypes that have higher yield under flooding condition and 3) more understanding in lowland rice growth characters that correlated with water flooding tolerance. Experimental design for experiment was factorial in split plot design with three replications. Main factor was flooding duration which had four levels, namely 0, 3, 6 and 9 days. Second factor was 100 lowland rice genotypes which were advanced generation of swamp rice genotypes and introduction genotypes from IRRJ. Research was conducted at Sawah Baru Experimental Station (06°33', S, 106°45', 250 m altitude), Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia. Tolerance mechanism that are used for this experiment namely re-growth ability of shoot after one week flooding, lower percentage of plant that running dry and collapse plant after four days flooding, number of tillers and plant height . Flooding duration, genotypes and their interaction significantly affected yield decrease, productivity, percentage of plants that running dry after four days flooding, percentage of plants that collapse after four days flooding, plant height at 11 and 13 Weeks After Planting (WAP), tiller numbers per hole at 11 and 13 WAP, panicle numbers per hole, rice water content at harvest, rice yield (14%) and 100 seed weight. Before flooding treatment, genotypes significantly affected plant height at 4, 5, 6 and 7 WAP. Result of study showed that some lowland rice genotypes tolerance to the three days flooding and have higher yield, namely B10336F-KN-11-1-1-3, B10544E-KN-21-1, 810544E-KN-21-3, B10544E-KN-33-2, B1089~B-MR-3-KN-4-1-1-MR-1, B10891-MR-3-KN-7-1-2-MR-2 and B10528FKN-35-2-2. Lowland rice genotypes that have higher yields and tolerant to 6 days flooding are IR70181-5-PMI-1-2-B-1, IR70213-9-CPA-12-UBN-2-1-3-1, B10590E-KN-4-PN-1-2-1-MR-1, B9831 CKN-21-2, B10408E-KN-2, B10130F-KN-25-1-1-2, B10590E-KN-4-PN-1-2-1-MR-1, B10894B-MR-2-3-KN-2-1, BP1027F-PN-1-2-1-KN-1-MR-3-1, B10528F-KN-31-2-1-MR-2 and B10528F-KN-35-2-1-MR-1. While lowland rice genotypes that tolerant to 9 days flooding and still have higher yields are IR70213-9-CPA-12-UBN-2-1-3-1, SWARNA, BP80E-TB-102-1, B10426B-KN-122, B10213F-KN-25-1-1-2,B10214F-KN-2-1-1-2, B1 0216F-TB-6-2-2-KY-2, B11586F-MR-11-2-2, B10891B-MR-3-KN-8-1-2-MR-1, B10528F-KN-35-2-1-MR-1, B11586F-MR-11-2-2, B10891B-MR-3-KN-4-1-1-MR-1 and KAL9418FMR-2-KN-0.