High performance liquid chromatography profile of tempuyung Sonchus arvensis L. extract and its toxicity to artemia salina

Abstract

Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) is one of herbal plant which has anticancer potency. The aim of this research were the investigation on anticancer potency of tempuyung based on its toxicity against Artemia salina and to obtain high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of the most toxic tempuyung based on its toxicity on A salina. Tempuyung was collected from 5 different places in Java Island. Each collected sample was extracted with methanol 70% and ethanol 70% by maceration method for 3 hours. Phytochemical test results showed that tempuyung contained saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins. Toxicity results against A salina showed that LCso of tempuyung 70% ethanol extract (325.63 ppm) was more toxic than 70% methanol extract (766.44 ppm). HPLC profile of tempuyung from Solo ethanol 70% extract was performed by isocratic and gradient method using methanol-acetic acid 0.01% (v/v) as the mobile phase. Based on the chromatogram, in the gradient method 3-7 peaks were obtained, therefore it showed better profile for fingerprint compared with isocratic method which produced only 1-4 peaks