Indirect organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis of pineapple induced by dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

Abstract

Indirect Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis of Pineapple Induced by Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid. Ika Roostika, lka Mariska, Nurul Khumaida, and Gustaaf A. Wattimena. This research aimed to study the effect of 2,4-D, AdS, and basal media to the regeneration of pineapple through indirect organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, and to study the complete event of somatic embryogenesis. Callus formation was induced by 21, 41, and 62 11M 2,4-D with addition of 9 11M TDZ. The non embryogenic calli were transferred onto 4.65 11M Kn containing medium. Embryogenic callus formation was induced on MS or Bac basal media consisted of N-organic compounds with addition of AdS (0, 0.05 and 0.1 11M). The embryogenic calli were regenerated on modified MS medium with addition of 0.9 11M IBA, 1.1 11M BA, 0.09 11M GA3 or MS medium supplemented with 0.018 mM BA. The result proved that the single auxin of 2,4-D was not enough to induce embryogenic cells. Therefore the non embryogenic calli were regenerated through organogenesis. The 21 11M 2,4-D yielded high level of callus formation (80%), higher fresh weight (0.2 g/explant) and higher number of shoot (25 shoots/explant in two months). Embryogenic calli were produced on N-organic compounds enriched media. The regeneration medium significantly affected the level of browning, where the MS medium with addition of 0.018 mM BA yielded lower level of browning. There was an interaction of embryogenic callus induction medium and regeneration medium to the number of mature somatic embryos. The embryogenic callus induction on MS medium enriched with N-organic compounds and 0.05 11M AdS followed by the regeneration of somatic embryos on MS medium with addition of 0.018 mM BA was the best treatment which yielded 1 7 mature somatic embryos/explant.